NECO 2024 BIOLOGY ANSWER


BIOLOGY OBJ
1-10: EEDDDEEAAE
11-20: DABBCACEBB
21-30: ACECCDEEED
31-40: DDBEBAEDBA
41-50: BACABABDDE
51-60: ACDCDCCDDA


(1ai)
(i) Producers
(ii) Consumers
(iii) Decomposers

(1aii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Mandibles
(ii) Maxillae
(iii) Labium
(iv) Labrum
(v) Hypopharynx

(1bi)
From the human body, waste is excreted in the form of urine. Urine formation involves three main processes:
(i) Filtration: Blood is filtered in the glomerulus of the kidney, where water, salts, glucose, and waste products are filtered out of the blood.
(ii) Reabsorption: Essential substances like glucose, certain salts, and water are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream from the renal tubules.
(iii) Secretion: Additional waste products and excess ions are secreted into the renal tubule from the blood, forming urine which then passes to the bladder for excretion.

(1bii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Malleus
(ii) Incus
(iii) Stapes
(iv) Occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria

(1biii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
Photosynthesis:
(i) Occurs in chloroplasts
(ii) Converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
(iii) Requires light energy (sunlight)

(PICK ANY TWO)
Respiration:
(i) Occurs in mitochondria
(ii) Converts glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water
(iii) Releases energy (ATP)

=============================

(2ai)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Possession of hollow bones to reduces weight
(ii) Presence of feathers for lift and insulation
(iii) Possession of streamlined bodies to reduce air resistance
(iv) Possession of strong flight muscles for power wing movement
(v) High metabolic rate which supports energy demands of flight
(vi) Specialized respiratory system for efficient oxygen exchange

(2aii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Pollination is the process where pollen from the male part of a flower (the anther) is transferred to the female part (the stigma). This can happen through wind or animals like insects and birds. When an animal visits a flower for nectar, pollen sticks to its body and is carried to another flower’s stigma. Once on the stigma, the pollen grain grows a tube down to the ovary, where it releases male cells to fertilize the ovules. This fertilization leads to the formation of seeds, and often the ovary develops into fruit, protecting the seeds and aiding in their dispersal. This process ensures that plants can reproduce and create new plants.

OR

Pollination is when pollen from a flower’s anther is transferred to the stigma, often by wind or animals like insects. The pollen grain grows a tube to the ovary, where it fertilizes the ovules. This leads to seed formation, and the ovary may develop into fruit, protecting the seeds and helping in their spread. This process allows plants to reproduce and generate new plants.

(2bi)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Toads have a long, sticky tongue that can quickly dart out to catch insects.
(ii) Toads often have skin colors and patterns that blend into their environment, helping them avoid predators and surprise prey.
(iii) Toads typically have good vision adapted for low light conditions, allowing them to hunt insects at night.
(iv) Toad have powerful Hind Legs For quick jumps to catch prey.
(v) Toads can detect chemical signals released by insects, aiding in locating their prey


(2bii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
PLS TABULATE:
[PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU DRAW A TABLE]

Arteries:
(i) Carry blood away from the heart
(ii) Thick, elastic walls
(iii) Blood flows under high pressure
(iv) No valves (except in the pulmonary artery)
(v) Narrower lumen (internal diameter)
(vi) Generally located deeper within the body

Veins:
(i) Carry blood towards the heart
(ii) Thinner, less elastic walls
(iii) Blood flows under low pressure
(iv) Valves present to prevent backflow
(v) Wider lumen (internal diameter)
(vi) Often located closer to the surface of the body

============================

(3ai)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Phototropism
(ii) Geotropism
(iii) Hydrotropism
(iv) Chemotropism
(v) Thermotropism

(3aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Loss of fertile topsoil, reducing agricultural productivity
(ii) Sedimentation in water bodies, leading to reduced water quality and habitat destruction
(iii) Increased risk of flooding
(iv) Desertification in severe cases

(3bi)
Grass --> Grasshopper --> Lizard --> Hawk

(3bii)


(3biii)
(i) Oxygen
(ii) Glucose

=============================

(4ai)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Scapula
(ii) Humerus
(iii) Radius
(iv) Ulna
(v) Carpals

(4aii)


(4bi)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Insulin
(ii) Adrenaline
(iii) Thyroxine
(iv) Oxytocin
(v) Oestrogen
(vi) Testosterone
(vii) Progesterone
(viii) Growth hormone

(4bii)
(i) Amoeba - Contractile vacuole
(ii) Hydra - Nephridia
(iii) Earthworm - Nephridia
(iv) Grasshopper - Malpighian tubules

(4biii)
-Mitochondria:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Generate energy for the cell through cellular respiration
(ii) Regulate cell growth and division

-Lysosomes:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Digest and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances
(ii) Maintain cellular homeostasis

============================

(5a)


(5bi)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(PLEASE TABULATE)

Monocot Plants:
(i) One cotyledon (seed leaf)
(ii) Parallel leaf venation
(iii) Vascular bundles scattered in the stem
(iv) Fibrous root system

Dicot Plants:
(i) Two cotyledons (seed leaves)
(ii) Reticulate (net-like) leaf venation
(iii) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
(iv) Taproot system

(5bii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Fossil records
(ii) Comparative anatomy
(iii) Embryology
(iv) Molecular biology
(v) Biogeography
(vi) Artificial selection

(5biii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Hinge joint
(ii) Ball-and-socket joint
(iii) Pivot joint
(iv) Saddle joint
(v) Gliding joint