WAEC 2023 - ANIMAL HUSBANDRY PRACTICAL ANSWER



(1a)
-Specimen A:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Wooden feed troughs are commonly used to provide feed and forage to livestock animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, and goats
(ii) Wooden feed troughs are particularly useful for feeding young or bottle-fed animals
(iii) wooden troughs can also be used as watering stations for animals.

-Specimen C:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Chicken wire mesh is often used in gardens to protect plants from animals, such as rabbits, squirrels, and other small pests
(ii) Chicken wire mesh is extensively used for constructing enclosures and fencing for poultry, including chickens, ducks, turkeys, and other birds
(iii) Chicken wire mesh can be used to construct compost bins or compost enclosures.

(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Wood can attract pests such as termites, ants, or rodents, which can cause damage to the feed troughs.
(ii) wood can absorb moisture and bacteria making it difficult to clean and sanitize
(iii) wood can crack and splinter creating sharp edges that can injure the birds
(iv) wood can be more expensive than other materials like plastic or metal
(v) wood can break down over time and require frequent replacement.
(vi) Wooden feed troughs are susceptible to damage and deterioration over time, especially in the presence of moisture, humidity, and exposure to animal waste

(1c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) It is durable and long-lasting
(ii) It is resistant to moisture and bacteria
(iii) It is relatively cheap compared to other materials like metal.
*(iv) It is easy to clean*
*(v) It can be easily moved about*

(1di)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) it is strong and durable providing protection from predators
(ii) it allows for good ventilation while also keeping birds contained
(iii) it is relatively cheap and easy to work with.
(iv) It often has transparent or translucent sides, allowing farmers to easily monitor the feed levels without needing to open or disturb the feeder.
(v) They are designed to protect the feed from contamination and spoilage

(1dii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
-Rabbits
-Guinea pigs
-Goats
-Reptiles

=============================

(2a)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Thorough Cleaning and disinfection.
(ii) Temperature regulation
(iii) Bedding preparation.
(iv) Feeder and waterer setup.
(v) Inspection of the ventilation system.
(vi) Setting up the brooder equipment.

(2bi)
HIGH:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Chicks may spread their wings away from their body to promote heat dissipation.
(ii) Chicks will open their beaks wide and breathe.
(iii) They may become more active, constantly moving around.
(iv) They may become less interested in feeding.

(2bii)
LOW:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Chicks will tend to huddle together to conserve heat.
(ii) Chicks may exhibit increased vocalization or chirping.
(iii) Chicks may become less active.
(iv) Chicks will fluff up their feathers to trap air.

(2biii)
MODERATE:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) The chicks will be active and alert.
(ii) They will show a normal feeding and drinking behavior.
(iii) Chicks will assume a relaxed and comfortable body posture.
(iv) Chicks will display regular and balanced respiration

(2c)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Coal burning releases various harmful pollutants.
(ii) Specimen E can cause accidental fires.
(iii) Specimen E require regular maintenance, such as ash disposal, and cleaning.
(iv) They may not provide uniform heat distribution.
(v) The use of specimen E in a poultry house contributes to green house emissions.

(2d)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Specimen F are often used for brooding chicks or other young animals.
(ii) They are used to extend the daylight period.
(iii) They can be used to control the photoperiod.
(iv) They are used as a supplemental light source in livestock production facilities.

============================

(3ai)
(i) Preparing the hide or skin
(ii) Tanning
(iii) Dyeing
(iv) Conditioning
(v) Finishing

(3aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Making shoes belts bags and other accessories.
(ii) Upholstering furniture and car seats.
(iii) Making jackets coats and other fashion items.
(iv) Making gloves and sports equipment such as footballs and baseball gloves.
(v) Making book covers wallets and other small leather goods.

(3b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) It is considered a delicacy and is rich in protein, low in fat, and a good source of essential minerals.
(ii) Specimen H is used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments.
(iii) It can serve as a source of income generation, job creation, and sustainable livelihoods.
(iv) Studying and observing these snails can foster a greater understanding and appreciation for biodiversity and the natural world
(v) African giant land snails contribute to the natural ecosystem by aiding in the decomposition of organic matter and recycling nutrients

(3c)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Specimen J produce and store sperm cells that are necessary for reproduction.
(ii) The testes are responsible for producing sperm cells, which are necessary for the fertilization of female eggs during sexual reproduction
(iii) They influences the development and maintenance of the male reproductive organs, as well as the production of semen and sexual desire.
(iv) The testes also produce and secrete male sex hormones called androgens, with the primary hormone being testosterone which plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissue

(3d)
Castration

(3di)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Castration can help reduce aggressive and unwanted sexual behaviors in male animals, making them safer to handle and reducing the risk of injuries to both animals and handlers
(ii) Castration can help to control the population of male animals and prevent unwanted breeding.
(iii) Castrated animals generally have better meat quality than intact animals since castration decreases aggressiveness and may reduce the risk of boar taint in male pigs.
(iv) It allows farmers to maintain better control over genetics, as castrated animals are not able to pass on their genetic traits.
(v) It eliminates the risk of testicular diseases or injuries and can reduce the incidence of conditions such as testicular torsion or testicular cancer.

=============================

(4ai)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) They are commonly used to apply insecticides, and other parasiticides.
(ii) They can be used to disinfect animal housing, equipment, and other facilities.
(iii) They can be used to apply vaccines for diseases on the animal skin through spraying.
(iv) They can be used for Spraying water or a cooling solution on the animals.
(v) They can be used to clean and deodorize animal holding areas and transport vehicles.
(vi) They can be used to spray nutritional supplements onto the animals' feed.

(4aii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Select the right chemicals for the specific purpose.
(ii) Always wear appropriate protective clothing.
(iii) Before spraying, make sure to isolate the animals from the spraying zone.
(iv) Maintain a safe distance from the animals while spraying.
(v) After use, clean it thoroughly and store it properly.

(4bi)
(i) Protein
(ii) Fat

(4bii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Specimen M contain a good amount of fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
(ii) They are readily available and inexpensive.
(iii) The fiber content in specimen M helps promote proper digestion in rabbits.
(iv) It contribute to environmental Sustainability.
(v) It provides variety and enrichment.

(4ci)
Identification

(4cii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Cattle
(ii) Sheep
(iii) Pigs
(iv) Goats
(v) Horses