WAEC 2024 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY PRACTICAL ANSWER



(1)


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(2a)
(i) Specimen C: Panicum maximum
(ii) Specimen D: Pennisetum purpureum
(iii) Specimen E: Centrosema pubescens
(iv) Specimen F: Calopogonium mucunoides

(2b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) It is a legume that fixes nitrogen, enriching the soil for other plants.
(ii) It is a valuable forage crop, providing high-quality protein for livestock.
(iii) It is relatively drought-tolerant, making it suitable for areas with limited water supply.
(iv) It is easy to establish and maintain, requiring minimal care.
(v) It is a palatable forage crop, readily consumed by livestock.
(vi) Its nitrogen-fixing ability and leaf litter improve soil fertility, benefiting other plants in the pasture.

(2c)
(i) Choose suitable forage crops and harvest at the right maturity.
(i) Chop the forage into small pieces.
(ii) Wilt the forage to reduce moisture if needed.
(iii) Transport and fill the silo quickly.
(iv) Compress the forage to expel air.
(v) Seal the silo with plastic sheets or airtight materials immediately.
(vi) Allow the forage to ferment anaerobically for several weeks.

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(3a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Fatty acids
(ii) Glycerol
(iii) Energy (ATP)
(iv) Triglycerides (stored in adipose tissue)
(v) Cholesterol

(3aii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Overfeeding the animals with high-fat and carbohydrate-rich diets can cause fat accumulation.
(ii) Limited movement or exercise can result in energy not being expended, leading to fat buildup.
(iii) Genetic predisposition in certain breeds can lead to higher fat accumulation.
(iv) Diets rich in calories, especially from grains and commercial feed, contribute to fat buildup.
(v) Hormonal imbalances, such as hypothyroidism, can reduce metabolic rates and lead to fat accumulation.
(vi) Older animals tend to accumulate more fat as their metabolism slows down.

(3b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Contamination with bile which can lead to a bitter taste in the meat, making it unpalatable.
(ii) It leads to discoloration of meat
(iii) It will increase the bacterial load leading to faster spoilage of the meat.
(vi) Bile's upleasant odour will make the carcass less desirable to consumers.

(3c)
K:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) To provide a designated place for feeding chickens or other poultry
(ii) To minimize feed contamination

M:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) It is used to provide a clean and consistent water supply to poultry
(ii) It helps maintain hygiene by ensuring that water is kept clean and free from contamination

(3d)
K
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Ensure the feed trough is cleaned regularly to remove leftover feed, dust, and debris
(ii)Frequently inspect the trough for any signs of damage, such as cracks or sharp edges.
(iii) Periodically disinfect the feed trough using a safe, non-toxic disinfectant to kill any bacteria or pathogens that could harm the poultry.
(iv) Ensure the trough is placed at an appropriate height and location to prevent contamination by feces and minimize spillage

M
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Clean the drinker daily to ensure that the water remains fresh and uncontaminated
(ii)Regularly inspect the drinker for leaks or cracks.
(iii) Periodically disinfect the drinker using an appropriate disinfectant to eliminate any harmful pathogens
(iv) Ensure that the drinker is always adequately filled with clean water.

(3e)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Rivers
(ii) Streams
(iii) Ponds
(iv) Lakes
(iii) Water wells

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(4ai)
Humans

(4aii)
Pigs

(4bi)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Regular deworming
(ii) Proper sanitation and hygiene
(iii) Avoiding feeding uncooked or contaminated food
(iv) Treating infected animals promptly
(v) Rotating pastures to prevent re-infestation
(vi) Inspecting and managing intermediate hosts (e.g., control of fleas and lice)

(4bii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Weight loss
(ii) Diarrhea
(iii) Abdominal pain
(iv) Nutrient deficiency

(4c)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) It is used in bedding and insulation
(ii) It is used as fashion accessories and clothing
(iii) It serves as craft and decorative items
(iv) It is used as writing instruments (quills)
(v) It is used in religious and cultural ceremonies
(vi) It is used as stuffing for pillows and mattresses
(vii) It is helpful in scientific research and educational purposes

(4d)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It is used for collecting and removing manure
(ii) It is used for spreading manure as fertilizer
(iii) It helps in maintaining clean and hygienic animal housing
(iv) It helps in preventing the spread of diseases
(v) It helps in enhancing pasture and soil quality through manure management









WAEC 2024 FISHERY PRACTICAL ANSWER


(1ai)
Specimen A: Carbohydrates
Specimen B: Protein
Specimen C: Calcium

(1aii)
Specimen A: It is an energy source for growth and maintenance
Specimen B: It is a source of protein for growth and development
Specimen C: Its high calcium content helps in bone growth and development

(1aiii)
Specimen A: Sorghum
Specimen B: Soybean meal
Specimen C: Fish bone meal

(1b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Vitamins
(ii) Protein
(iii) Carbohydrates
(iv) Fats

(1ci)
(i) It provides a protective barrier against the environment and predators

(1cii)
(i) It is used in the production of fish meal or fish oil
(ii) It is used as a source of collagen for pharmaceutical or cosmetic applications
(iii) It is used as a natural fertilizer or compost ingredient

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(2a)
Specimen E - active fishing gear
Specimen F - passive fishing gear
Specimen G - active fishing gear
Specimen H - passive fishing gear
Specimen J - active fishing gear

(2b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Monofilament line
(ii) Braided line
(iii) Fluorocarbon line
(iv) Netting twine
(v) Gaff hooks.

(2c)
Specimen J

(2d)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Specimen E is a hook with a line that is cast into the water, while Specimen F is a net that is set in the water to catch fish.
(ii) Specimen E is commonly used by recreational fishers, while Specimen F is used by commercial fishers since it requires skills to operate
(iii) Specimen E is an active fishing gear, while Specimen F is a passive fishing gear.
(iv) Specimen E is more targeted at fish species like Tuna while specimen F is used for small fish that could slip through its mesh size
(v) Specimen E is more expensive than Specimen F
(vi) Specimen E is a smaller size gear compared to Specimen F.

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(3ai)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Clean the paddle regularly to prevent the accumulation of debris and bacteria.
(ii) Store the paddle in a dry place to prevent damage and rust.
(iii) Handle the paddle with care to prevent damage and breakage.
(iv) Inspect the paddle regularly for signs of wear and tear.
(v) Use the paddle for its intended purpose to prevent damage and prolong its lifespan.

(3aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Oars
(ii) Boat hooks
(iii) Nets
(iv) Rakes

(3b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Broadcasting
(ii) Band application
(iii) Pelletizing
(iv) Composting

(3c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Excess nutrients can lead to excessive plant growth, depleting oxygen in the water.
(ii) Decomposition of excess manure can consume oxygen, harming fish.
(iii) Excess manure can lead to water pollution, harming fish and other aquatic organisms.
(iv) Excess manure can disrupt the natural nutrient balance in the pond.
(v) Excess manure can increase the risk of disease in fish.
(vi) Excess manure can reduce water clarity, making it difficult to monitor fish.

(3d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Cow dung
(ii) Sheep manure
(iii) Goat manure
(iv) Composted vegetable matter
(v) Fish meal
(vi) Inorganic fertilizers (e.g., ammonium nitrate, urea)

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(4a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Strong reproductive vigor
(ii) High fertility
(iii) Rapid breeding capabilities
(iv) Robust immune system

(4b)


(4c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Gutting
(ii) Filleting
(iii) Smoking
(iv) Drying
(v) Freezing
(vi) Canning

(4d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Inconsistent genetic traits affecting growth and reproduction.
(ii) Higher risk of introducing diseases or parasites to farmed fish
(iii) Potential for unpredictable growth rates and quality
(iv) Lack of control over the quality and size of fingerlings
(v) Increased stress and mortality during capture and transport