WAEC 2024 HISTORY ANSWER


HISTORY OBJ
1-10: BBDCABABCC
11-20: BDABCCBBCC
21-30: ADBDCABDCD
31-40: CBBCCBAADB
41-50: CADBCACDAB



NOTE:
You are to answer FOUR questions in all.

You are to answer at least ONE questions from each section.

There are three sections in this paper (SECTION A, B, & C)

Section A (1 - 3)
Section B (4 - 6)
Section C (7 - 9)

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(1a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Folktales
(ii) Myths
(iii) Legends
(iv) Memorates

(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Preservation of History: Oral traditions help preserve the history and culture of Nigerian societies, particularly in the absence of written records.
(ii) Cultural Identity: They reinforce cultural identity and heritage, ensuring that traditions, values, and beliefs are passed down through generations.
(iii) Historical Insights: Oral traditions provide unique insights into the social, political, and economic life of past societies, complementing archaeological and written sources.
(iv) Educational Tool: They serve as an educational tool, teaching younger generations about the past and instilling moral values and lessons.
(v) Complementing Written Records: Many historical events and details were never documented in written form. Oral traditions help fill these gaps, providing a more complete picture of the past.
(vi) Sociopolitical Significance: Oral traditions are used to legitimize the authority of rulers and institutions. They often recount the origins and exploits of dynasties and clans, providing a historical basis for contemporary political claims and structures.

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(2a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Knives
(ii) Needles
(iii) Wooden mallets
(iv) Dye
(iv) Scrapers
(v) Awls

(2b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Skinning: The process begins with skinning the animal to obtain the raw hide.
(ii) Tanning: The raw hide is then treated with tannin extracted from tree bark or other plants to preserve and soften it.
(iii) Drying: The tanned hides are dried to prepare them for further processing.
(iv) Cutting and Shaping: The tanned leather is cut and shaped into desired forms using knives and other tools.
(v) Softening: The dried leather is softened by kneading and using oils to make it pliable.
(vi) Decorating: Final products are often decorated with intricate designs using tools like stamps or dyes for added aesthetic appeal.

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(3a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Leather goods
(ii) Textiles
(iii) Kola nuts
(iv) Gold
(v) Salt

(3b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Economic Prosperity: The trade brought significant wealth and economic prosperity to Hausaland, leading to the rise of powerful city-states.
(ii) Cultural Exchange: There was a significant cultural exchange, including the spread of Islam and Arabic literacy.
(iii) Urbanization: Increased trade activities led to urbanization, with the growth of major trading centers like Kano and Katsina.
(iv) Social Stratification: The trade led to the development of a more complex social hierarchy and stratification, with traders and merchants becoming an influential class.
(v) Technological Advancement: Exposure to new technologies and techniques improved local crafts and industries.
Architectural (vi)Development: Wealth from trade facilitated the construction of impressive buildings and infrastructures.
(vi) Political Alliances: Trade fostered political alliances and networks that strengthened regional stability

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(4)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Colonial Support: British colonial authorities provided protection and support to missionaries, enabling them to establish and expand their activities safely.
(ii) Abolition of Slave Trade: The decline and eventual abolition of the transatlantic slave trade created a more stable environment for missionary work and opened new areas for evangelization.
(iii) Western Education: Missionaries established schools, offering Western education and literacy, which attracted many Nigerians and facilitated the spread of Christianity.
(iv) Medical Services: Missionaries provided medical care and established hospitals, gaining the trust and goodwill of local populations and making them more receptive to missionary messages.
(v) Translation of the Bible: The translation of the Bible into local languages made Christian teachings more accessible to the Nigerian people and facilitated conversion.
(vi) Existing Trade Networks: Established trade routes and networks allowed missionaries to travel and spread their message more effectively across different regions.
(vii) Local Collaboration: Missionaries often collaborated with local converts and leaders, who helped them navigate cultural and linguistic barriers and facilitated their activities.

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(5a)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Ogedengbe of Ilesha
(ii) Kurunmi of Ijaye
(iii) Ibikunle of Ibadan.
(iv) Ogboriefon of Ibadan
(v) Timi of Ede

(5b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Disruption of Trade and Agriculture: The wars caused widespread disruption of trade routes and agricultural activities, leading to economic instability and food shortages in the region.
(ii) Urbanization and Migration: Many people were displaced due to the conflicts, leading to significant migration and the growth of urban centers such as Ibadan, which became a refuge for displaced populations.
(iii) Population Decline: The prolonged conflicts resulted in significant loss of life and a decline in population in many areas, affecting labor availability for economic activities.
(iv) Economic Diversification: In response to the instability, some regions diversified their economies, engaging in different forms of trade and crafts to survive the war-torn period.
(v) Political Realignment: The wars led to shifts in political power and realignment of alliances, with new political entities emerging and existing ones changing their structures and leadership.
(vi) Cultural Exchange and Influence: The movement of people and interactions during the wars facilitated cultural exchanges and the spread of ideas, which influenced various aspects of Yoruba culture, including language, religion, and social practices

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(6)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Strategic and Commercial Interests: The British sought to control Lagos due to its strategic location along the West African coast. Lagos served as an important port for trade, providing access to the interior markets of Nigeria. By controlling Lagos, the British could secure a base for their commercial enterprises, ensuring the protection and expansion of their trade interests in the region.

(ii) Suppression of the Slave Trade: One of the stated humanitarian motives for the annexation was the suppression of the transatlantic slave trade. Although the British had abolished the slave trade within their empire in 1807 and slavery itself in 1833, illegal slave trading continued in West Africa. By annexing Lagos, the British aimed to establish a foothold from which they could better enforce anti-slavery measures and promote legitimate commerce.

(iii) Political Influence and Control: The British were motivated by a desire to extend their political influence and establish a stable government in Lagos. The region was experiencing internal conflicts and power struggles, particularly involving the reigning Oba Kosoko and his rival Akitoye. The British sought to establish a more cooperative and stable local government, which they achieved by supporting Akitoye and later his son Dosunmu.

(iv) Expansion of British Empire: The annexation of Lagos was part of the broader British imperial strategy to expand their empire in Africa. By acquiring territories and establishing colonies, the British aimed to increase their global power and influence. Lagos represented a significant addition to their African holdings, facilitating further expansion into the interior regions of Nigeria.

(v) Economic Exploitation: The British were also motivated by the potential for economic exploitation of the region’s resources. Lagos and its hinterland offered opportunities for the export of valuable commodities such as palm oil, which was in high demand in Europe for use in the industrial sector. By annexing Lagos, the British could control and benefit from these economic activities.

(vi) Religious and Civilizing Mission: There was a cultural and ideological motive tied to the British sense of a civilizing mission. They believed in spreading Christianity and Western civilization to what they considered "backward" societies. Missionary activities often accompanied colonial expansion, with the British aiming to convert and "civilize" the local population through education and religious instruction.

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(7)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Economic Boost: The Second World War led to an economic boost in Nigeria through increased demand for raw materials such as tin, coal, and agricultural products like palm oil and groundnuts. This demand spurred growth in the mining and agricultural sectors.
(ii) Infrastructure Development: To support the war effort, the British colonial government invested in infrastructure such as roads, railways, and ports. This infrastructure development facilitated economic activities and laid the groundwork for future development.
(iii) Urbanization: The war accelerated urbanization in Nigeria as people moved to cities in search of employment opportunities in industries and services that were expanding to meet wartime demands.
(iv) Political Awareness: Exposure to global events during the war raised political awareness among Nigerians, including issues related to colonialism, self-determination, and human rights. This heightened political consciousness contributed to the growth of nationalist movements.
(v) Labour Migration: There was a significant migration of labor from rural to urban areas during the war, driven by the need for employment in expanding industries and services.
(vi) Education: The war created opportunities for Nigerians to receive education, including technical and vocational training, both locally and abroad. This contributed to the development of a skilled workforce.
(vii) Skill Acquisition: In addition to formal education, the war also provided opportunities for skill acquisition, as Nigerians gained practical experience in various trades and professions to meet the needs of the wartime economy.

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(8a)
(i) The Colony of Lagos
(ii) The Northern Protectorate
(iii) The Southern Protectorate

(8b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Administrative Efficiency: The amalgamation unified the administrative systems of the Northern and Southern Protectorates, leading to more streamlined and efficient governance. This consolidation reduced duplication of efforts and resources.
(ii) Economic Integration: The merging of the territories facilitated the creation of a larger, unified market. This integration promoted inter-regional trade and economic activities, enhancing overall economic development.
(iii) Infrastructure Development: The unified administration allowed for better coordination and funding of infrastructure projects, such as railways, roads, and ports, which improved connectivity and facilitated economic growth.
(iv) National Identity: The amalgamation helped foster a sense of national identity and unity among the diverse ethnic and regional groups in Nigeria. This sense of nationhood was crucial for the country's future political stability and development.
(v) Resource Sharing: The amalgamated entity could better manage and allocate natural and financial resources across the regions, leading to more balanced development and reducing regional disparities.
(vi) Improved Communication: The consolidation of territories led to the development of a more cohesive communication network, including postal services and telecommunication systems, which improved interactions and coordination between different parts of the country.
(vii) Political Stability: The amalgamation aimed to create a more stable political environment by reducing inter-regional rivalries and fostering cooperation among various groups. This stability was essential for the country's governance and development.
(viii) Enhanced Security: A unified administrative structure allowed for better coordination of security efforts, helping to maintain law and order across the entire territory.
(ix) Education and Social Services: The amalgamation facilitated the spread of Western education and social services across the country, contributing to the development of human capital and improving the overall quality of life for Nigerians.

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(9)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Lack of Legitimacy: The Interim National Government (ING) under Ernest Shonekan faced a significant legitimacy crisis due to his appointment following the annulment of the June 12, 1993, presidential election. This annulment, widely believed to have denied Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale (MKO) Abiola his victory, led to widespread disillusionment and the perception that the ING was merely an extension of General Ibrahim Babangida's military regime.

(ii)Political Unrest and Opposition: The annulment of the June 12 election sparked nationwide protests and strikes organized by pro-democracy groups and civil society organizations demanding Abiola’s mandate be recognized. This unrest led to persistent demonstrations and civil disobedience campaigns, creating severe political instability that disrupted governance.

(iii) Economic Challenges: Nigeria was experiencing severe economic difficulties, including high inflation, unemployment, and declining foreign investment. The ING’s inability to address these economic issues effectively further exacerbated public dissatisfaction. Frequent strikes by labor unions, including the Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC) and petroleum workers, crippled the economy and weakened the ING’s authority.

(iv) Internal Government Conflicts: The ING faced internal divisions and conflicts, with members having conflicting loyalties and agendas, hindering coherent policy-making and implementation. Despite being a civilian-led government, the ING operated under the significant influence of the military, which undermined Shonekan’s authority and his ability to govern independently.

(v) Pressure from the International Community: The annulment of the June 12 election and the subsequent political crisis led to Nigeria’s diplomatic isolation. Western nations and international organizations condemned the situation, imposing economic sanctions and reducing diplomatic engagement. There was substantial international pressure on the ING to organize new elections and restore democratic governance, adding to the internal political pressure Shonekan faced.

(vi) Short Tenure and Overthrow: Shonekan’s government was inherently temporary, with a mandate to oversee the transition to civilian rule. However, the lack of a clear and credible transition plan undermined its effectiveness. On November 17, 1993, General Sani Abacha orchestrated a coup that overthrew the ING, ending Shonekan’s brief and turbulent leadership and reinstating military rule, which further complicated Nigeria’s path to democracy.