NECO GCE 2025 BIOLOGY PRACTICAL ANSWER


(1ai)
A: Tick
B: Termite/Wingless insect
C: Pistil (or Carpel) of a flower
D: Lizard
E: Rat

(1aii)
A - Arachnida
B - Insecta
C - Angiospermae
D - Reptilia

(1ciii)
I. Mouthpart
II. Antenna
III. Stigma
IV. Tail
V. Head
VI. Eye
VII. Hind limb

(1bi)
I - Used for biting, chewing or sucking food.
II - Used for sensing smell, touch and vibrations.
III - Receives pollen grains during pollination.
IV - Used for balance, movement and escape from predators.
V - Contains the brain and sensory organs for coordination.

(1bii)
A - Causes diseases and reduces productivity in livestock.
B - Improves soil fertility by breaking down organic matter.
E - Destroys stored grains and causes heavy post-harvest losses.

(1ci)
[TABULATE]

=D
(i) Has dry scaly skin
(ii) Lays eggs

=E
(i) Has fur-covered skin
(ii) Gives birth to live young

(1cii)
(i) Sharp incisors for gnawing food and hard materials.
(ii) Strong sense of smell and hearing for detecting food and danger.
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(2ai)
F - Digestive system of a domestic fowl
G - Alimentary canal of a cockroach

(2aii)
I - Mouth / Beak
II - Small intestine

(2aiii)
(i) It stores food temporarily before digestion.
(ii) It softens food by mixing it with digestive juices or moisture.

(2aiv)
(i) Both have a tube-like digestive tract running from mouth to anus.
(ii) Both possess regions specialized for food storage or processing.

(2av)
[TABULATE]

=F
(i) Has a muscular gizzard for grinding food
(ii) Possesses large intestine and cloaca

=G
(i) Has a gastric caeca for secretion and digestion
(ii) Possesses hindgut with malpighian tubules attached for excretion

(2bi)
Soda lime absorbs carbon dioxide (CO?) from the incoming air.

(2bii)
The lime water in B remains clear (no change).

(2biii)
The toad serves as the organism that respires and produces carbon dioxide.

(2biv)
B: The lime water in B remains clear.
D: The lime water in D turns milky.

(2bv)
Experiment to Show that Respiration Produces Carbon Dioxide.

(2ci)
X?: Water level in the beaker rises while the level inside the yam decreases.
X?: Water level inside the yam increases while the level in the beaker drops.

(2cii)
Salt creates a hypertonic (concentrated) solution that draws water out of the yam by osmosis.

(2ciii)
The yam acts as a semi-permeable membrane, allowing water to move in or out by osmosis.

(2civ)
Demonstration of Osmosis Using Yam and Salt Solution.

(2cv)
(i) It enables roots to absorb water from the soil.
(ii) It helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.
===========================

(3ai)
H - Citrus Fruit
I. Oil Palm Fruit
J. Tridax Fruit
K. Pea Plant

(3aii)
H - Hesperidium
I - Drupe
J - Achene
K - Legume

(3aiii)
H - Has a leathery rind with juicy segments filled with vesicles.
I - Has a hard stony endocarp enclosing the seed.
K - Has a pod that splits open on two sides at maturity.

(3aiv)
I. Exocarp
II. Endocarp
III. Endocarp
IV. Pappus
V. Calyx

(3bi)
I - Animals
J - Wind

(3bii)
=I
(i) Fleshy mesocarp attracts animals which feed on it.
(ii) Sticky or oily pulp can attach to animals, aiding dispersal.

=J
(i) Has a pappus (hair-like structure) that increases buoyancy in air.
(ii) Fruit is lightweight, enabling easy wind carriage.

(3biii)
H - Axile placentation
I - Parietal placentation
K - Marginal placentation

===========================






NECO GCE 2025 BIOLOGY THEORY AND OBJ ANSWER



BIOLOGY OBJ
1-10: ACAABADBDB
11-20: EBBEEEBCCA
21-30: BBEBBEBDDB
31-40: CEABCCACEB
41-50: BEABCDBDBC
51-60: CACAEEBACA


_INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER THREE(3) QUESTIONS ONLY_


(1ai)
(i) Pituitary gland
(ii) Thyroid gland
(iii) Adrenal glands
(iv) Pancreas

(1aii)
(i) High salinity causes dehydration of body tissues as water moves out of the organisms by osmosis.
(ii) It leads to osmotic stress, making it difficult for many organisms to maintain water and salt balance.
(iii) Many non-adapted organisms may experience reduced growth or death because their enzymes and metabolic processes become disrupted.
(iv) High salinity limits species diversity, allowing only salt-tolerant (halophytic or euryhaline) organisms to survive.

(1aiii)
(i) Nitrogen (N)
(ii) Phosphorus (P)

(1bi)



(1bii)
(i) A semipermeable membrane.
(ii) A difference in water concentration on both sides of the membrane.
(iii) A difference in solute concentration between the two solutions.
(iv) The presence of water molecules as the moving particles.

=============================

(2ai)
[TABULATE]

=MONOCOT PLANTS=
(i) Have one seed leaf (cotyledon)
(ii) Leaves have parallel venation
(iii) Vascular bundles are scattered in the stem

=DICOT PLANTS=
(i) Have two seed leaves (cotyledons)
(ii) Leaves have net/reticulate venation
(iii) Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring


(2aii)
(i) It has high rainfall throughout the year.
(ii) It has high temperature and high humidity.
(iii) It contains dense vegetation with tall evergreen trees and many layers (canopy).


(2bi)
(i) Water in the soil enters the root hairs by osmosis because the cell sap of root hairs is more concentrated than the surrounding soil water.
(ii) Mineral salts dissolved in soil water enter the root hairs by diffusion or active transport depending on their concentration.
(iii) Water moves from the root hair cells into the cortex cells by osmosis, passing from cell to cell across the root tissues.
(iv) From the cortex, water enters the xylem vessels in the root.
(v) The xylem vessels conduct water upward through the stem by transpiration pull, root pressure, and capillarity.
(vi) Water finally reaches the leaves, where it is used for photosynthesis or lost through transpiration.

(2bii)
(i) Apple
(ii) Pineapple


(2biii)
(i) They help in growth and repair of body tissues.
(ii) They help in the formation of enzymes and hormones.
(iii) They provide the body with energy when fats and carbohydrates are insufficient.

============================

(3ai)
(i) They have feathers covering their bodies.
(ii) They possess beaks without teeth.
(iii) Their forelimbs are modified into wings for flight (although not all birds fly).
(iv) They are warm-blooded (maintain constant body temperature).
(v) They lay hard-shelled eggs.

(3aii)
(i) Collenchyma
(ii) Sclerenchyma
(iii) Xylem
(iv) Phloem

(3aiii)
(i) Nephritis
(ii) Kidney stones


(3bi)
(i) During sexual intercourse, sperm cells are released into the vagina through ejaculation.
(ii) The sperm swim through the cervix and uterus toward the fallopian tube where the ovum is located.
(iii) At ovulation, a mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube.
(iv) Many sperm surround the egg, but only one sperm succeeds in penetrating the egg membrane.
(v) Once the head of one sperm enters the egg, a fertilisation membrane forms, preventing other sperm from entering.
(vi) The nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg to form a zygote.
(vii) The zygote begins to divide and eventually moves to the uterus for implantation.


(3bii)
(i) It leads to destruction of habitats, causing loss of plants and displacement or death of animals.
(ii) It causes soil erosion and nutrient loss, reducing soil fertility and affecting plant growth.

============================

(4ai)
(i) Detoxification: It removes and breaks down harmful substances such as drugs and poisons.
(ii) Bile production: It produces bile used in the emulsification of fats.
(iii) Storage of glycogen: It converts excess glucose to glycogen for storage and releases it when needed.
(iv) Protein metabolism: It deaminates excess amino acids and forms plasma proteins.
(v) Storage of vitamins and minerals: It stores vitamins A, D, B12, and minerals such as iron.


(4aii)
(i) Double circulation means blood passes through the heart twice in one complete circuit around the body.
(ii) The first circulation is the pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.
(iii) Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins.
(iv) The second circulation is the systemic circulation, where oxygenated blood is pumped from the left ventricle to all parts of the body.
(v) Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium, completing the cycle, ensuring efficient oxygen supply and high blood pressure in the systemic circuit.

(4bi)


(4bii)
(i) Piercing and sucking mouthparts for feeding on blood.
(ii) Light, narrow bodies and long legs that allow silent landing on hosts.
(iii) Anticoagulant saliva that prevents blood clotting and enables easy parasite transmission.
(iv) Nocturnal feeding habit, which allows them to bite hosts when they are inactive or asleep

============================

(5ai)
Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction in which a single parent cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.

(5aii)
(i) Protects the rights of children and promotes child welfare worldwide.
(ii) Provides emergency relief such as food, water, healthcare to children in crisis situations.
(iii) Supports primary education and school programmes for children.
(iv) Promotes child health and immunization programmes to reduce child mortality.


(5aiii)
(i) Petals (corolla)
(ii) Sepals (calyx)

(5bi)


(5bii)
(i) Visual displays.
(ii) Vocalisations/songs
(iii) Gift offering or nuptial feeding.
(iv) Courtship dances or movements