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ISLAMIC STUDIES
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WAEC 2026 CRK ANSWER


CRS OBJ
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11-20: ABBBACCDDC
21-30: ADBBCDADDC
31-40: ACBCBCBCBA
41-50: ACCDCBBADB

(1a)
The Hebrews, who were the descendants of Jacob, came to Egypt during the time of Joseph. Joseph had become a powerful ruler in Egypt and helped the country survive a severe famine. Because of Joseph's influence, his family was welcomed and settled in the fertile land of Goshen. Over time, the Hebrews multiplied greatly and became a large and prosperous people.

After the death of Joseph and his generation, a new Pharaoh arose in Egypt who did not know Joseph or remember the good he had done for the nation. When Pharaoh noticed the rapid increase in the population of the Hebrews, he became afraid. He feared that they might become more numerous and powerful than the Egyptians. He also thought that if war should occur, the Hebrews might join Egypt's enemies and fight against the nation.

To prevent this, Pharaoh decided to oppress the Hebrews. He appointed taskmasters over them and subjected them to hard labour. The Hebrews were forced to build the store cities of Pithom and Rameses for Pharaoh. They worked under very harsh conditions, making bricks and carrying out other difficult construction tasks. Their lives became bitter because of the heavy burdens placed upon them. However, the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and spread throughout the land.

Pharaoh's fear increased when he realized that forced labour had failed to reduce their population. He therefore ordered the Hebrew midwives, Shiphrah and Puah, to kill every male Hebrew child at birth while allowing the female children to live. The midwives, however, feared God and refused to obey the king's command. They preserved the lives of the Hebrew boys and explained to Pharaoh that the Hebrew women gave birth before they arrived.

When this plan failed, Pharaoh issued a more severe decree. He commanded all the Egyptians to throw every newly born Hebrew boy into the River Nile while allowing the girls to live. This cruel order brought fear, sorrow, and suffering upon the Hebrew people. Parents lived in constant anxiety as they tried to protect their sons from being killed.

It was during this period of slavery, oppression, and persecution that Moses was born. The Hebrews cried unto God because of their suffering, and God heard their prayers. He prepared Moses to become the leader who would eventually deliver the Israelites from bondage in Egypt.

(1b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Obedience to the laws of the land.
(ii) Respect for constituted authority.
(iii) Promotion of justice and fairness.
(iv) Tolerance of one another's views and beliefs.
(v) Peaceful settlement of disputes through dialogue.
(vi) Respect for human rights and dignity.

=============================

(2a)
Gehazi was the servant of Elisha the prophet. One day, Naaman, the commander of the Syrian army, came to Elisha seeking healing from leprosy. Elisha instructed him to wash seven times in the Jordan River, and he was completely healed. Out of gratitude, Naaman offered Elisha gifts of silver, gold and expensive clothes, but Elisha refused to accept any reward because he wanted Naaman to know that God's blessings could not be bought.

After Naaman had departed, Gehazi became greedy and desired the gifts that Elisha had rejected. Without Elisha's knowledge, he ran after Naaman and lied to him, saying that Elisha had sent him to request a talent of silver and two changes of clothes for two young prophets who had just arrived. Believing Gehazi's story, Naaman gladly gave him two talents of silver and two changes of garments.

Gehazi collected the gifts and hid them in his house before returning to Elisha. When Elisha asked him where he had been, Gehazi lied and claimed that he had gone nowhere. However, Elisha, through the Spirit of God, knew everything that had happened. He rebuked Gehazi for his greed, dishonesty and misuse of his prophetic position for personal gain.

As punishment, Elisha declared that the leprosy of Naaman would cling to Gehazi and his descendants forever. Immediately, Gehazi became leprous, his skin turning white as snow. Because of his greed, deception and disobedience, Gehazi lost his position and was dismissed from the service of Elisha.

(2b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Christians should avoid greed and covetousness because the love of material wealth can lead to sin and destruction.

(ii) People should always be honest and truthful, as lying brings shame and punishment.

(iii) We should be content with what we have and not seek dishonest gain.

(iv) Those who serve God should not use their position for personal enrichment.

(v) Disobedience to God's commands and to rightful authority attracts punishment.

(vi) God sees and knows all human actions, even those done in secret.

(vii) Christians should uphold integrity and good character in all their dealings.

(viii) Wrong actions have consequences not only for the offender but may also affect others.

(ix) People should avoid deceit and fraud in order to maintain a good reputation.

(x) Faithfulness and obedience are necessary qualities for anyone who wants to enjoy God's favour and blessings.

============================

(3a)
After the Jews returned from exile in Babylon, they began the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem under the leadership of Zerubbabel and Jeshua. However, they faced many challenges. Their enemies, especially the Samaritans, opposed the work and tried to discourage them. When the Jews refused to allow them to join in building the temple, the enemies became hostile and attempted to frustrate the project.

The opponents sent false reports and accusations against the Jews to the Persian kings, claiming that the Jews were planning to rebel. As a result, an order was given for the work on the temple to stop, and the rebuilding was suspended for some years. The people became discouraged and turned their attention to building their own houses instead of God's temple.

To overcome these challenges, God raised prophets such as Haggai and Zechariah who encouraged the people to continue the work. The prophets reminded them that rebuilding the temple was God's will and that He would be with them. Their messages strengthened the people's faith and determination.

Zerubbabel and Jeshua also provided strong leadership and motivated the people to resume the work. When their enemies again questioned their authority, the Jews appealed to King Darius of Persia. A search was made in the royal records, and the decree earlier issued by King Cyrus permitting the rebuilding of the temple was found.

King Darius then confirmed the decree and ordered that the work should continue without interference. He even instructed that expenses for the project should be provided from the royal treasury. With God's help, encouragement from the prophets, and support from the Persian king, the Jews successfully completed the rebuilding of the temple and dedicated it with great joy and thanksgiving to God.

(3b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Patriotism promotes unity among citizens by encouraging them to work together for the progress of the nation.
(ii) It helps to maintain peace and stability because citizens learn to respect the laws and authorities of the country.
(iii) Patriotism encourages hard work and dedication, leading to national growth and development.
(iv) It motivates citizens to protect the nation's resources and public property from destruction and misuse.
(v) Patriotism promotes loyalty to the nation and strengthens national identity.
(vi) It encourages citizens to participate in civic responsibilities such as voting, paying taxes and community service.
(vii) It helps in defending the nation against external threats and aggression.
(viii) Patriotism fosters cooperation among different ethnic, religious and cultural groups within the country.
(ix) It promotes good leadership and responsible citizenship as people seek the welfare of the nation.
(x) It enhances the country's image and reputation through the positive actions of its citizens.

=============================

(4a)
Daniel was one of the Jews taken captive to Babylon. God's mighty hand was seen in many events in his life.

First, Daniel refused to eat the king's food because he did not want to defile himself. He asked for vegetables and water instead. After ten days, Daniel and his friends looked healthier than those who ate the king's food. God blessed them with wisdom and knowledge.

Another event was when King Nebuchadnezzar had a dream that troubled him. He demanded that his wise men tell him both the dream and its meaning, but they could not. Daniel prayed to God, and God revealed the dream and its interpretation to him. Daniel told the king the dream and explained its meaning. The king was amazed and promoted Daniel to a high position in Babylon.

God's mighty hand was also seen when Daniel interpreted another dream of Nebuchadnezzar about a great tree. Daniel warned the king that because of his pride, he would lose his kingdom for a time. Everything happened exactly as Daniel had said, and later the king was restored.

During the reign of King Belshazzar, a hand appeared and wrote strange words on the wall during a feast. None of the wise men could explain the writing. Daniel was called, and God helped him to interpret it. He said that God had judged Belshazzar and that his kingdom would be taken away. That same night, the kingdom fell to the Medes and Persians.

The greatest example of God's mighty hand was when Daniel was thrown into the lions' den. Some jealous officials tricked King Darius into making a law that no one should pray to any god except the king. Daniel continued to pray to God three times a day. As a result, he was arrested and thrown into the den of lions. God sent His angel to shut the mouths of the lions, and Daniel was not hurt. The next morning, the king found him alive and safe. Daniel's enemies were later punished, while Daniel was honoured.

God also gave Daniel visions and revelations about future events. Through all these events, God protected Daniel, gave him wisdom, revealed secrets to him, and promoted him. These showed that God's mighty hand was upon Daniel throughout his life.

(4b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Through prayer and trust in God:
A person should pray to God for strength, wisdom and guidance when facing opposition. Trusting in God helps one to overcome fear and remain confident in difficult situations.

(ii) By remaining steadfast and doing what is right:
One should not give up because of opposition. A person should continue to do what is right and remain honest, patient and faithful despite challenges.

(iii) Through patience and self-control:
A person should avoid anger and revenge when opposed. Patience and self-control help to prevent conflicts from becoming worse.

(iv) By showing love and forgiveness:
Instead of hating those who oppose him, a person should show love and be willing to forgive. This can help to promote peace and reconciliation.

(v) Through dialogue and peaceful settlement:
One should try to discuss issues calmly and peacefully in order to resolve misunderstandings and disagreements.

(vi) By seeking wise counsel:
A person should seek advice from parents, teachers, religious leaders or other trusted individuals who can provide guidance and support.

(vii) Through good character and integrity:
One should maintain a good reputation by being truthful, responsible and upright. Good character can help to overcome false accusations and criticism.

(viii) By avoiding bad company:
A person should stay away from people who encourage violence, hatred or wrongdoing when facing opposition.

(ix) Through courage and determination:
One should face opposition boldly and not allow fear to stop him from achieving his goals or standing for what is right.

(x) By relying on God's protection and help:
A person should believe that God is able to protect, strengthen and deliver him from every form of opposition.

================

(5a)
John the Baptist was preaching in the wilderness of Judea and baptizing people in the River Jordan. He called on the people to repent of their sins because the kingdom of God was near. Many people came to him and were baptized after confessing their sins.

One day, Jesus came from Galilee to the River Jordan to be baptized by John. When John saw Him, he recognized that Jesus was greater than he was. Therefore, John tried to stop Him, saying that he needed to be baptized by Jesus rather than baptizing Him. However, Jesus replied that it was necessary for them to do so in order to fulfil all righteousness and carry out God's will.

John then agreed and baptized Jesus in the River Jordan. As Jesus came up out of the water, the heavens were opened, and the Holy Spirit descended upon Him in the form of a dove. At the same time, a voice came from heaven saying, “This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.”

This event revealed Jesus as the Son of God and marked the beginning of His public ministry. It also showed the presence of the Trinity, which is God the Father speaking from heaven, God the Son being baptized, and God the Holy Spirit descending like a dove. The encounter between John the Baptist and Jesus at the River Jordan was therefore a significant event in the history of Christianity.

(5b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) The encounter shows the importance of baptism in the Christian faith.

(ii) It teaches Christians the need for obedience to God's will, just as Jesus obeyed God by submitting Himself for baptism.

(iii) It serves as an example of humility, as Jesus willingly allowed John to baptize Him.

(iv) It encourages Christians to live righteous and holy lives.

(v) The event confirms that Jesus is the Son of God and strengthens the faith of believers in Him.

(vi) It reveals the doctrine of the Trinity which is God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit.

(vii) It teaches Christians the importance of repentance and spiritual renewal.

(viii) It reminds Christians that God rewards those who please Him and do His will.

(ix) It marks the beginning of Jesus' ministry and encourages Christians to dedicate themselves to God's service.

(x) It assures Christians of the presence and guidance of the Holy Spirit in their lives.

============================

(6a)
Jesus' condemnation to death was the result of a series of events that took place before His crucifixion. After Jesus had preached, performed miracles and gained many followers, the Jewish religious leaders became jealous and feared that His influence was becoming too great. They began to look for ways to arrest and kill Him.

One of Jesus' disciples, Judas Iscariot, agreed to betray Him to the chief priests for thirty pieces of silver. After the Last Supper, Jesus went to pray in the Garden of Gethsemane. There, Judas led a crowd of soldiers and officials to arrest Him. Judas identified Jesus by kissing Him.

Jesus was first taken before the Jewish council called Sanhedrin, where false witnesses accused Him. During the trial, the high priest asked Jesus whether He was the Messiah, the Son of God. When Jesus affirmed this, the leaders accused Him of blasphemy and declared that He deserved death.

Since the Jewish leaders did not have the authority to carry out the death sentence, they took Jesus to Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor. They changed their accusation and claimed that Jesus was misleading the people and calling Himself a king, which they presented as a threat to Roman authority.

Pilate examined Jesus and found no fault in Him. He sent Him to Herod Antipas, but Herod also found no reason to condemn Him and returned Him to Pilate. Despite this, the chief priests and the crowd continued to demand Jesus' death. Pilate offered to release either Jesus or Barabbas, a known criminal, according to the custom of the Passover feast. The crowd, influenced by the religious leaders, chose Barabbas and demanded that Jesus be crucified.

Although Pilate believed Jesus was innocent, he feared a riot and gave in to the demands of the crowd. He washed his hands before them to show that he was not responsible for Jesus' death and then handed Jesus over to be crucified. Thus, betrayal by Judas, false accusations, religious hostility and pressure from the crowd ultimately led to the condemnation of Jesus to death.

(6b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Upholding justice promotes peace and stability in the nation because people are treated fairly and conflicts are properly resolved.

(ii) It protects the rights and freedoms of citizens and prevents oppression and discrimination.

(iii) Justice encourages respect for the law and helps to maintain law and order in society.

(iv) It discourages crime and corruption because offenders know that wrongdoing will be punished.

(v) Justice promotes unity among citizens by ensuring that everyone is treated equally regardless of tribe, religion or social status.

(vi) It builds public confidence in government and other institutions when people see that fairness prevails.

(vii) Justice encourages economic growth and development by creating a safe and secure environment for businesses and investments.

(viii) It helps to protect the weak and vulnerable members of society from exploitation and abuse.

(ix) Justice promotes good governance, accountability and responsible leadership.

(x) It fosters national progress because citizens are more willing to contribute positively to a society where fairness and equality are upheld.

============================

(7a)
The statement, “and great fear came upon the whole church, and upon all who heard of these things,” refers to the incident involving Ananias and Sapphira in the early Church.

In the early Christian community, believers shared their possessions and helped one another. Many members sold their lands and properties and brought the money to the apostles for distribution to those in need. One such believer was Barnabas, who sold his land and gave all the proceeds to the apostles.

Ananias and his wife, Sapphira, also sold a piece of land. However, they secretly agreed to keep back part of the money for themselves while pretending to give the entire amount to the apostles. Ananias brought only a portion of the money and laid it before the apostles, claiming that it was the full amount received from the sale.

Through the revelation of the Holy Spirit, Peter knew what Ananias had done. Peter rebuked him for lying, not to men, but to God and to the Holy Spirit. As soon as Ananias heard Peter's words, he fell down and died. The young men wrapped up his body, carried it out and buried him.

About three hours later, Sapphira came in, not knowing what had happened to her husband. Peter asked her whether the amount presented was the full price of the land. She confirmed the lie by saying that it was. Peter then rebuked her for agreeing with her husband to test the Spirit of the Lord. Immediately, she also fell down and died. The young men carried her out and buried her beside her husband.

When the members of the church and others heard about these events, they were filled with great fear and reverence for God. They realized that God is holy and that dishonesty and hypocrisy would not be tolerated in the Christian community. Therefore, great fear came upon the whole church and upon all who heard of these things.

(7b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Christians should be honest in all their dealings and avoid every form of deceit.

(ii) Members of the church should not pretend to be what they are not in order to gain praise from others.

(iii) The church should uphold integrity and sincerity in giving and service to God.

(iv) Christians should understand that God knows the thoughts and actions of every person, even those done in secret.

(v) Believers should avoid greed and the desire for personal glory.

(vi) The church should maintain discipline and holiness among its members.

(vii) Christians should have reverence and respect for God at all times.

(viii) Husbands and wives should not cooperate in wrongdoing but should encourage one another to do what is right.

(ix) The church should teach and uphold truth, righteousness and accountability.

(x) Christians should remember that disobedience to God has consequences and should therefore strive to live upright lives.

=============

(8a)
James taught Christians not to show favouritism in the assembly of God. He said that believers in Christ should treat all people equally, whether they are rich or poor.

To explain this, James gave an example of a rich man wearing fine clothes and gold rings who entered the place of worship. He also spoke of a poor man wearing dirty clothes who entered the same gathering. The members of the assembly welcomed the rich man warmly and offered him a good seat, while the poor man was told to stand or sit on the floor.

James condemned this action and said that they had become judges with evil thoughts because they were judging people by their outward appearance. He reminded them that God does not look at people the way humans do and that many poor people are rich in faith and will inherit God's kingdom.

He further told them that they were dishonouring the poor by their actions. James instructed them to obey the royal law which says, “Love your neighbour as yourself.” According to him, showing partiality is a sin because it goes against God's commandment of love.

James concluded by advising Christians to treat everyone fairly, show mercy to all people, and avoid discrimination in the church. He stressed that God expects believers to love and respect others regardless of their wealth, position or appearance.

(8b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Christians fall short of James' recommendation when they give special treatment to rich and influential members of the church while neglecting the poor.

(ii) Some Christians judge people by their appearance, dressing, social status or occupation instead of their character.

(iii) Some church leaders show favouritism in assigning positions and responsibilities.

(iv) Christians sometimes associate more with wealthy people and avoid those who are less privileged.

(v) Some churches give greater recognition and honour to those who make large financial contributions.

(vi) Christians may discriminate against others on the basis of tribe, ethnicity or family background.

(vii) Some believers look down on the poor and treat them with disrespect.

(viii) Christians sometimes show partiality in settling disputes by supporting friends and influential persons instead of standing for justice.

(ix) Some churches neglect the needs of the poor, widows and other vulnerable members of society.

(x) Christians may value people for their material possessions rather than for their faith and godly character.

==============

(9a)
Peter's view on good citizenship is found in his teaching to Christians in 1 Peter 2:13–17. He advised believers to be law-abiding citizens and to submit themselves to constituted authorities for the sake of the Lord.

Peter taught that Christians should respect and obey rulers, governors and other authorities because they are appointed to maintain law and order in society. According to him, government authorities are meant to punish those who do evil and commend those who do good.

He further encouraged Christians to live good and exemplary lives so that their conduct would silence false accusations made against them. Peter emphasized that believers should use their freedom responsibly and not as an excuse for wrongdoing.

He also instructed Christians to show respect to all people, love fellow believers, fear God and honour the king. Peter believed that good citizenship involves obedience to lawful authority, respect for others, good behaviour and faithfulness to God.

Therefore, according to Peter, a good citizen is one who obeys the laws of the land, respects authority, does good works, promotes peace in society and lives in a manner that brings glory to God.

(9b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) As a good citizen, I am expected to obey the laws of my country and respect constituted authorities.

(ii) I should pay my taxes and other lawful dues to help the government provide public services and develop the nation.

(iii) I am expected to participate in civic responsibilities such as voting during elections and contributing to national development.

(iv) I should protect public property and national resources from damage, theft and misuse.

(v) I am expected to maintain peace and order by avoiding violence, crime and any act that may disrupt society.

(vi) I should respect the rights, beliefs and opinions of other citizens regardless of their ethnic, religious or social background.

(vii) I am expected to be loyal and patriotic by promoting the unity, progress and good image of my nation.

(viii) I should report criminal activities and cooperate with security agencies in maintaining law and order.

(ix) I am expected to contribute positively to my community through hard work, honesty and community service.

(x) I should uphold justice, fairness and integrity in all my dealings and encourage others to do the same.




WAEC 2026 IRS ANSWER




ISLAMIC STUDIES
1-10: ABBCBBCCCC
11-20: DBACAAAABA
21-30: CCBAADAACA
31-40: ACBBBCDCCD
41-50: CDDDCABABA

(1ai)
Hajj (Pilgrimage)

(1aii)
Hajj literally means a desire, an effort, or a journey to a revered destination. Technically, it is the pilgrimage to Makkah performed by a Muslim at least once in a lifetime, provided he or she is physically and financially capable, and it is carried out during the prescribed period with specific rites.

(1bi)
The first compulsory act is Ihram. It is the state of purity and consecration entered into before performing Hajj. The pilgrim bathes, wears the prescribed garments (for men), makes the intention (Niyyah) for Hajj and recites the Talbiyah: “Labbayka Allahumma Labbayk…”

(1bii)
(i) Standing at ’Arafat (Wuquf): The pilgrim stays at the plain of ‘Arafat on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah, praying and seeking Allah’s forgiveness. This is the most important pillar of Hajj.

(ii) Spending the night at Muzdalifah: After leaving ’Arafat, the pilgrim proceeds to Muzdalifah where he spends the night in worship and gathers pebbles for the next rite.

(iii) Stoning of Jamarat (Ramy al-Jamarat): The pilgrim throws pebbles at the pillars representing Shaytan in Mina to demonstrate obedience to Allah and rejection of evil.

(1c)
(i) Obedience and complete submission to Allah’s commands, regardless of personal convenience or difficulty.
(ii) Unity and brotherhood among Muslims irrespective of race, tribe, colour, language, wealth, or social status.
(iii) Patience and perseverance in enduring the hardships and challenges associated with the pilgrimage.
(iv) Humility and equality before Allah, as all pilgrims wear simple garments and perform the same acts of worship.
(v) Repentance and spiritual purification through seeking Allah’s forgiveness and mercy, leading to moral and spiritual renewal.

=============================

(2a)
(i) Year of birth: 194 AH (810 CE).
(ii) Place of birth: Bukhara (in modern-day Uzbekistan).
(iii) Full name: Mu?ammad ibn Ism?‘?l al-Bukh?r?.
(iv) Year of death: 256 AH (870 CE).
(v) Title of his collection: Sahih al-Bukhari (originally Al-Jami' al-Musnad al-Sahih al-Mukhtasar min Umur Rasul Allah wa Sunanihi wa Ayyamihi).
(vi) One of his teachers: Im?m Ahmad ibn Hanbal (others include Ishaq ibn Rahwayh and Ali ibn al-Madini).
(vii) One of the places he visited to learn: He traveled extensively across the Islamic world, including Mecca, Medina, Egypt, Syria, and Baghdad.

(2b)
(i)Strict Continuity (Ittisal): He ensured an unbroken chain of narrators reaching back directly to the Prophet (S.A.W.).
(ii)Narrator Integrity ('Adalah): Every narrator in the chain had to be a person of exemplary character and piety.
(iii)Accuracy and Memory (Dabt): Narrators were required to have a precise and proven memory to ensure the text remained unchanged.
(iv)Proof of Meeting (Liqa'): Unlike some other scholars, Bukhari required proof that two successive narrators in a chain had actually met in person.
(v)Lack of Flaws ('Illah): The Hadith had to be free from any subtle hidden defects in the chain or the text.
(vi)Spiritual Verification: It is recorded that he performed Ghusl and prayed two units of Istikhara prayer before adding any Hadith to his final collection.

=============================

(3a)
(i) The Aws
(ii) The Khazraj

(3b)
(i) Head of State: He exercised supreme political authority and unified the various factions under the Constitution of Madinah.
(ii) Commander-in-Chief: He organized the defense of the city, planned military expeditions, and led the army.
(iii) Diplomat: He sent and received envoys, negotiated treaties (such as the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah), and formed alliances with neighboring tribes.
(iv) Chief Executive: He oversaw the implementation of laws, collected and distributed Zakat (charity), and managed the public treasury (Bayt al-Mal).
(v) Legislator: He established a legal framework for the community, defining rights and responsibilities for both Muslims and non-Muslims.

(3c)
(i) Persecution in Makkah: The Quraysh intensified their physical and economic torture of Muslims, making life in Makkah unbearable and dangerous.
(ii) The Divine Command: Muslims believe the Prophet (S.A.W.) received a specific command from Allah to migrate after years of patience.
(iii) The Pledges of 'Aqabah: Representatives from Yathrib (the Aws and Khazraj) pledged their loyalty and protection to the Prophet, providing a secure destination for the community.
(iv)The Assassination Plot: The leaders of the Quraysh had conspired to kill the Prophet (S.A.W.) in his sleep, necessitating an immediate and secret departure to ensure his safety and the survival of the message.

============================

(4a)
Truthfulness: "And do not mix the truth with falsehood or conceal the truth while you know it." This emphasizes that truthfulness is not just about speaking the truth, but also about integrity ensuring that truth remains pure and is never hidden to deceive others.

(4b)
(i) The Title of Al-Amin: Even before his Prophethood, he was known by the pagan Meccans as Al-Sadiq (The Truthful) and Al-Amin (The Trustworthy) due to his unwavering honesty.
(ii) Trade and Commerce: As a merchant, he never cheated or hid defects in his goods, which led to the success of Lady Khadijah’s business and her eventual proposal.
(iii) Fulfilling Covenants: He strictly adhered to the terms of treaties, such as the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, even when the terms appeared disadvantageous to the Muslims.
(iv) Conveying the Message: Despite intense persecution, he never altered the revelations of the Quran to please the Quraysh, maintaining absolute truth in his mission.

(4c)
(i) Loss of Trust: A society without truth suffers from a breakdown in social and business relationships, as no one can rely on the word of another.
(ii) Spread of Corruption: When falsehood is normalized, injustice, bribery, and exploitation become prevalent, leading to the decay of moral values.
(iii) Divine Displeasure: In Islamic theology, dishonesty is a characteristic of hypocrisy (Nifaq). It distances individuals from the mercy of Allah and leads to spiritual ruin.

=============================

(5a)
Ayat al-Kursi (The Verse of the Throne).

(5b)
All?hu l? 'il?ha 'ill? Huwa al-?ayyu al-Qayy?m. L? ta’khudhuhu sinatun wa l? nawm. Lahu m? f?s-sam?w?ti wa m? f?l-’ar?. Man dhal-ladh? yashfa‘u ‘indahu 'ill? bi-idhnih? Ya‘lamu m? bayna ayd?him wa m? khalfahum, wa l? yu????na bi-shay’im-min ‘ilmih? 'ill? bi-m? sh?’. Wasi‘a kursiyyuhu s-sam?w?ti wal-’ar?, wa l? ya’?duhu ?if?uhum?, wa Huwa al-‘Aliyyu al-‘A??m."

(5c)
(i)Al-Hayy (The Ever-Living): He who possesses eternal life, neither beginning nor ending.
(ii)Al-Qayyum (The Self-Sustaining): The One who remains and sustains all of creation without needing anything Himself.
(iii)Al-Aliyy (The Most High): The One who is above all in rank, power, and status.
(iv)Al-Azim (The Most Magnificent/Great): The One whose greatness is beyond human comprehension.

(5d)
(i)Absolute Oneness (Tawhid): It emphasizes that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah.
(ii)Total Sovereignty: Everything in the heavens and the earth belongs exclusively to Him.
(iii)Divine Knowledge: Allah’s knowledge is all-encompassing, covering the past, present, and future, while humans only know what He permits.
(iv)Effortless Guardianship: Allah maintains and protects the entire universe without ever becoming tired or weary.

============================

(6a)
The Hadith narrated by Ab? Sa’?d al-Khudriyy is Hadith 34 in Imam an-Nawaw?’s Forty Hadith.

(6b)
"Whoever amongst you sees an evil, let him change it with his hand; if he is not able, then with his tongue; and if he is not able, then with his heart and that is the weakest of faith."

(6c)
(i)Obligation of Action: It is a religious duty for every Muslim to oppose injustice and wrongdoing according to their capacity.
(ii)Levels of Authority: Changing evil "with the hand" generally refers to those in positions of authority (like parents or rulers), while "with the tongue" refers to speaking out or giving advice.
(iii)The Power of Intention: Even if one is physically or socially unable to stop an evil, they must still hate it in their heart. This ensures the believer's conscience remains pure.
(iv)Degrees of Faith: The Prophet (S.A.W.) indicates that faith is not static; taking active steps to improve society is a sign of stronger faith compared to silent disapproval.
(v)Wisdom and Gradation: The Hadith teaches a systematic approach to social reform, prioritizing direct action where possible but allowing for verbal and internal resistance to prevent greater harm.

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