NECO 2023 - PRACTICAL ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANSWER


(1a)
Specimen A: Longitudinally dissected heart of a cattle
Specimen B: Shank of a fowl
Specimen C: Gizzard
Specimen D: Small intestine of goat

(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Specimen A is relatively large.
(ii) It has a conical shape, with a pointed apex and a broader base.
(iii) It is reddish-brown in color.
(iv) It has a smooth, yet firm texture.
(v) Specimen A possesses a thick muscular septum running vertically down its middle
(vi) Possession of delicate coronary arteries on its surface


(1c)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Proper nutrition
(ii) Controlled breeding
(iii) Vaccination
(iv) Sanitation
(v) Management of stress
(vi) Proper housing

(1d)
Specimen C is involved in mechanical digestion by grinding and breaking down food particles using muscular contractions and grit WHILE Specimen D is involved in chemical digestion and nutrient absorption.

(1e)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Proteases
(ii) Amylase
(iii) Lipase
(iv) Maltase
(v) Sucrase
(vi) Lactase

(1f)
Specimen A:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Essential organ for pumping blood and supplying oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues.
(ii) It helps maintain proper circulation, ensuring the removal of waste products.
(iii) It facilitates thermoregulation by distributing heat throughout the body.

Specimen B:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) It provides support and stability for the fowl while standing and moving.
(ii) It contains muscle tissue that can be a valuable source of protein for human consumption.
(iii) It plays a role in the bird's locomotion and scratching behavior.

Specimen C:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) It aids in the mechanical breakdown of tough food items, enhancing digestion in birds and some animals.
(ii) It contains grit or small stones that assist in grinding and pulverizing food.

Specimen D:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) It is the main site of nutrient absorption (such as amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids) into the bloodstream.
(ii) It houses various digestive enzymes that break down complex nutrients into forms that can be absorbed.
(iii) It supports the overall digestive process by facilitating the breakdown and absorption of nutrients from ingested food.

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(2a)
Specimen E: Guinea Grass
Specimen F: Stylo Plant
Specimen G: Blood Meal

(2b)
Specimen E: Panicum maximum
Specimen F: Stylosanthes guianensis

(2c)
Specimen E:
(PICK ANY ONE)
-It has long, narrow leaves with a characteristic folded blade and prominent midrib.
-The flowering parts form loose, nodding panicles that contain numerous spikelets.
-The stem is sturdy, tall, and has a slightly reddish hue

Specimen F:
(PICK ANY ONE)
-Possession of trifoliate leaves ie three leaflets per leaf.
-The flowers are distinctive and brightly colored.
-It forms small, pod-like structures that contain seeds.

(2d)
Specimen E: It is propagated through seeds
Specimen F: It is propagated through stem cuttings.

(2e)
Specimen E: Carbohydrates
Specime F: Protein

(2f)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It can be preserved by sun-drying
(ii) Silage
(iii) Haymaking
(iv) Ensiling with other forage materials
(v) Freezing
(vi) Dehydrating

(2g)
(i) Collection of blood
(ii) Drying
(iii) Grinding
(iv) Packaging

(2h)
(i) Specimen G can be relatively expensive compared to other protein sources.
(ii) Livestock may not always find specimen G as palatable as other feed ingredients.
(iii) It has specific storage and handling requirements, and improper storage can lead to quality deterioration.

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(3a)
Specimen H: Live Hen

(3b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)
(ii) Infectious Coryza
(iii) Newcastle Disease
(iv) Mycoplasma Gallisepticum (Mycoplasmosis)
(v) Infectious Bronchitis
(vi) Avian Encephalomyelitis
(vii) Blackhead Disease

(3c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Sneezing
(ii) coughing
(iii) Nasal discharge or runny nose
(iv) Laboured or rapid breathing
(v) Swollen sinuses or facial swelling
(vi) Decreased egg production and size

(3d)
(i) Marek's Disease Vaccine
(ii) Newcastle Disease Vaccine
(iii) Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine
(iv) Avian Influenza Vaccine

(3e)
(i) Marek's Disease Vaccine: Subcutaneous injection (usually on the back of the neck).
(ii) Newcastle Disease Vaccine: Intramuscular injection (usually in the thigh or breast muscle).
(iii) Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine: Intranasal or eye drop administration.
(iv) Avian Influenza Vaccine: Intramuscular injection or eye drop administration.

(3f)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Local Nigerian Breed (Nera)
(ii) Kuroiler
(iii) Noiler
(iv) Rhode Island Red
(v) Plymouth Rock
(vi) Sussex

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