NECO 2019 - GEOGRAPHY ANSWER

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ANSWERS:


(1a)
(i) Optimum population: Optimum Population is the number of people that can be supported by the available resources in an area,so as to achieve the highest possible standard of living.

(ii) Over population: over population is defined as a situation whereby the population is considered too large for the available resources, for people to enjoy the highest possible standard of living. In other words, over population refers to a situation where the population exceeds the available resources.

(iii) Under population: This is the type of population that is less than the available resources of a country. It then means that ,the size of population is so small that when combined with the available resources of a country and given the level of existing technology, it will secure minimum return per head

(iv) Migration is defined as the movement of people from one geographical area to another,involving permanent or temporary residence or settlement. In migration ,the region where people are leaving is called "the source region" while the region where people are entering is called "the receiving or destination region".

(1b)
[ADVANTAGES]
(Pick two)
(i) Over population provide large labour force
(ii) Over population is the source of large market
(iii) Over population provide quick information dissemination

[DISADVANTAGE]
(Pick two)
(i) Over population lead to increase in crime wave
(ii) Over population lead to inadequate health services
(iii) Over population leads to unemployment and underemployment

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(2a)
(i) Limited area of operation: It can be used only in a limited area which is served by deep canals and rivers.
(ii) Seasonal fluctuations in the volume of rivers: Rivers and canals cannot be operated for transportation throughout the year as water may freeze during winter or water level may go very much down during summer.
(iii) Siltation of rivers: deposition of sediments or particulate matter carried by the flowing water of the river due to gravity and turbulence leads to change in river course which causes dislocation in the normal route of the trade.
(iv) Capaital intensive: Dredging of harbours and waterways requires large amounts of capital to achieve.


(2b)
[Pick any TWO]
(i) Dredging of rivers
(ii) Construction of cannals
(iii) Water weeds should be put under permenent control
(iv) Loans should be granted to construct and maintain seaports


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(4i) Location:
This basin is found in Cross River, Akwa Ibom and parts of Abia states.

(4ii) Resources:
Important resources include crops like yams, cassava, rice, oil palm, rubber, timber, fish, limestone and petroleum.

(4iii) Economic activities:
The main economic activities therefore include:
(i) Farming which leads to production of food and cash crops like rubber, oil palm, etc
(ii) Fishing due to presence of rivers and ocean.
(iii) Lumbering due to presence of economic trees (timber).
(iv) Mining due to presence of limestone and petroleum

(4iv) Problems of development:
(i)Transport is very poor owing to presence of many rivers and swamps.
(ii) Soil erosion due to heavy rainfall.
(iii) Water and land pollution due to mining of petroleum.
(iv) Problems of farming and fishing created by oil spillage.


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(6a)
[Pick four]
(i) To promote economic corporation among member-states
(ii) To promote trade among member-states
(iii) To promote free movement of people within the sub-region, without visa.
(iv) To eventually establish a common currency.
(v) To contribute to a common fund to be used to compensate countries that loose economically, as result of their membership of the organization

(6b)
[Pick four]
(i)Development of common market: The establishment of ECOWAS has led to the development of common market for goods produced within the sub-region

ii) Development of international communication: It has also help ensured the development of international communication among member - state eg roads and telecommunication network.
(iii) Promotion of sports: ECOWAS has also helped to link members within the sub-region in the promotion of sports eg WAFU competitions.
(iv) Free movement of people: It had also promoted the free movement of people,thereby abolishing the use of visa
(v)Education interaction: The free movement oof people has also led to educational interaction within the subregion
(vi) Cultural integration: It has also led to cultural integration through free movement of people.

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