WAEC GCE 2025 GOVERNMENT ANSWER


GOVERNMENT OBJ:

Pls Kindly Trace It From Your System. The options are being reshuffled u might see number one as any number so trace and be fast and open ur eye open like a criminal and trace well good luck


1; (C) an enduring institution that persists beyond changes in government.

2; (A) operate independently to ensure checks and balances among branches

3; (C) integrate the colonies into a greater French empire through assimilation.

4; (A) Side-stepping democratic processes and institutions

5; (C) Difficulty in achieving consensus among member states

6; (C) Separation of powers and legal framework

7; (A) Legal framework

8; (B) Pursuit of independence and self-determination

9; (A) authority

10; (D) Native party

11: (A) Elite party.

12: (A) conducting executive functions.

13: (B) ensuring all political opinions are represented without restriction.

14: (B) Facilitating political competition and representation

15: (B) Dejure one-party system.

16: (B) Enhanced civic engagement and informed citizens

17: (D) capturing of proceedings in parliament.

18: (B) people

19: (B) protection of individual rights and freedoms.

20: (A) Drive economic growth in their mandated area of operation


21: (C) Deliberate promotion of national unity and cultural identity

22: (A) societal grouping

23: (C) fostering a strong national identity and cultural unification.

24: (C) Improved regional cooperation and integration

25: (A) Inconsistent political leadership among member countries

26: (A) should only focus on regulatory functions.

27: (A) electorate

28: (A) Authoritarian rule and class system

29: (A) written and collected in a single document.

30: (A) determines who takes charge of the allocation of public resources.


31: (B) Executive and its assigns.

32: (D) Obligation to pay taxes

33: (C) criticism of government policies only.

34: (B) It possesses potential for global political power and economic growth but ineffective in its use

35: (A) provides a platform for shared growth.

36: (A) Face challenges in maintaining regional stability due to external influences

37: D. platform for promoting rights without corresponding duties

38: (C) public and citizens.

39: (B) medium for enforcing laws and maintaining social order.

40: (A) Education

41; What is the highest form of allegiance a citizen can show to the state?
Answer: (b) Voting in national elections and defense of the state


42; Which of the following issues is the major cause of local government not being able to achieve the desired results in many West African States?
Answer: (A) Undefined mandate

43; In what unique way does public opinion help shape democratic discourse? By
Answer: (C) lobbying policy makers to prioritize issues based on voter sentiments.

44; In colonial societies of West Africa, the traditional overlord or the monarch arrives at decisions of governance with which institution of state? The
Answer: (B) Council of Elders.


45; Pre-colonial political systems and modern democracy
Answer: (b) promotion of community participation in decision-making by the elite.

46; Which type of constitution does not require a special procedure for its amendment?
Answer: (B) Flexible constitution


47; What essential role does the media play in maintaining a democratic political system?
Answer: (B) Influencing public opinion

48; what can be said to be a major disadvantage of the Colonial political administration in West Africa prior to independence?
Answer: (B) Erosion of indigenous political authority

49; The Acts of Parliament is also commonly referred to as
Answer: (D) Statutes

50; The S administers justice through which institution? The
Answer: (D) Judiciary

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(1)
(i)Protection of rights: A constitution typically outlines fundamental human rights and provides legal mechanisms to protect them from government overreach.
(ii)Rule of law: It establishes a framework where everyone, including those in power, is subject to the law, ensuring fairness and accountability.
(iii)Stability and predictability: A clear set of rules for government operations creates a stable political environment, which is crucial for economic growth and social order.
(iv)Limited government power: It defines and limits the powers of the government, preventing tyranny and the abuse of authority.
(v)Citizen participation: Constitutions often provide for democratic processes like elections, allowing citizens to have a voice in how they are governed.

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(2)
(i)Enhanced Representation and Inclusivity: Federalism ensures that various and ethnic groups have a voice in the central government, promoting national unity and cooperation.

(ii)Local Autonomy and Decision-Making: States and local governments can make decisions tailored to their specific needs, allowing for more effective governance and development.

(iii)Economic Development and Resource Management: The federal system enables states to manage their resources, attract investments, and implement development projects that benefit their local economies.

(iv)Promoting Cultural Diversity and Regional Identity: Federalism allows states to preserve and promote their unique cultural heritage, traditions, and values.

(v)Checks and Balances: The distribution of power between the federal and state governments provides a system of checks and balances, preventing any one entity from abusing power.

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(3)
(i) Policy formulation and advice: Civil servants assist political leaders by researching, analyzing, and providing expert advice on policies. They prepare policy documents, draft proposals, and ensure that decisions are informed by facts and technical knowledge.

(ii) Implementation of government policies: Once policies are approved, civil servants are responsible for putting them into action. They organize resources, coordinate activities, and oversee programs to ensure that government plans are executed effectively and efficiently.

(iii) Administration and management of public services: Civil servants manage day-to-day operations of government ministries, departments, and agencies. They ensure that services such as education, health, transportation, and security are delivered to the public in a systematic and organized manner.

(iv) Regulation and enforcement of laws: Civil servants ensure that government regulations and laws are applied consistently. They monitor compliance, enforce rules, and take corrective actions where necessary, helping maintain order and uphold the rule of law.

(v) Continuity and stability of government: Civil servants provide institutional memory and maintain continuity when political leadership changes. Their expertise and experience help preserve stability in government operations, ensuring that public administration continues smoothly regardless of political transitions.

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(4)
(i) Promotes checks and balances: The second chamber, the Senate, provides a check on the powers of the lower chamber and the executive. It reviews, amends, or rejects bills, ensuring that legislation is carefully examined before becoming law.

(ii) Ensures representation of all states and regions: The second chamber allows equal representation of Nigeria’s states regardless of population size. This helps protect the interests of smaller states and promotes national unity.

(iii) Reduces the risk of hasty legislation: By having a second chamber review bills passed by the lower chamber, the likelihood of rushed or poorly considered laws is minimized. This improves the quality of legislation.

(iv) Encourages national integration and inclusiveness: The Senate brings together representatives from diverse ethnic, religious, and regional backgrounds. This fosters dialogue, compromise, and cooperation, contributing to political stability and social cohesion.

(v) Provides an avenue for oversight and accountability: The second chamber oversees government activities, budgets, and appointments. It holds the executive accountable and ensures transparency in governance, which strengthens democratic processes

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*WAEC GCE GOVERNMENT ANSWER*

(5)
(i) Promoting government accountability: Political parties serve as intermediaries between citizens and government, monitoring government actions and policy implementation. By holding elected officials accountable for their promises and actions, parties help reduce corruption and inefficiency, thus fostering a development-friendly environment.

(ii) Facilitating citizen representation and participation: Parties aggregate public interests and mobilize voters, ensuring that diverse social groups have a voice in government. This inclusive participation enhances social cohesion and guides government development policies toward the real needs of the population.

(iii) Ensuring government stability: A functioning party system creates continuity and predictability in governance, enabling long-term planning and policy consistency. Stable governments can better implement development programs without frequent disruptions caused by political crises.

(iv) Recruiting and socializing leadership: Political parties identify and train leaders who have the vision and skills to design and manage development projects. This leadership pipeline strengthens institutional capacity and improves governance quality over time.

(v) Organizing legislative priorities: Parties coordinate legislative activities, helping to set development-focused agendas and pass laws efficiently. By aligning party members around common goals, they facilitate the enactment and oversight of policies that drive economic and social progress.

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(6)
(i) Mobilizing Community Support: Traditional rulers command respect and loyalty in their communities, enabling them to mobilize grassroots support for development projects, ensuring local participation and ownership.

(ii) Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding: By mediating disputes and maintaining peace, traditional leaders create a stable environment essential for economic activities and development initiatives.

(iii) Advocacy and Cultural Preservation: Traditional rulers can advocate for social services like education and healthcare while preserving cultural values that promote social cohesion and sustainable development.

(iv) Collaborating with Government: Traditional authorities can work with local and state governments to implement policies, assist in tax collection, and facilitate communication between citizens and government institutions.

(v) Enhancing Governance Legitimacy: Their recognized authority provides legitimacy to government programs, fostering trust and compliance within communities, which accelerates the success of development efforts.

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(7)
(i)Political Influence: The AU has the potential to be a powerful, unified voice on the global stage, but its influence is often limited by internal divisions, lack of enforcement power, and dependence on external funding.

(ii)Economic Integration: While initiatives like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) show promise, the AU has been slow to achieve full economic integration due to issues like poor infrastructure, trade barriers, and differing national interests.

(iii)Social Transformation: The AU has ambitious social goals outlined in Agenda 2063, but progress in areas like poverty reduction, education, and healthcare is hindered by governance challenges and resource constraints.

(iv)Conflict Resolution: The AU has mechanisms for peacekeeping and conflict mediation, but its effectiveness is often challenged by a lack of capacity, political will from member states, and the complexity of African conflicts.

(v)Global Representation: A unified Africa could command significant respect and power in international bodies, but the AU's current structure and limited authority mean African nations often negotiate individually, diminishing their collective bargaining power.

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(8)
(i)Strong democratic institutions: Establishing and strengthening independent judiciaries, legislatures, and electoral bodies provides a legitimate framework for governance that is less susceptible to military usurpation.

(ii)Professionalized and apolitical military forces: Ensuring the military is loyal to the constitution and civilian authority, rather than to individuals or political factions, through professional training, proper oversight, and adherence to a strict code of conduct.

(iii)Economic development and poverty reduction: Addressing socio-economic grievances and inequality reduces the instability and public discontent that often provide a pretext or opportunity for military intervention.

(iv)Regional cooperation and adherence to democratic norms: Active participation in regional bodies like ECOWAS and the African Union, which have protocols against unconstitutional changes of government, creates external pressure and a collective security framework to deter coups.

(v)Robust civil society and media oversight: Empowering independent civil society organizations and a free press to monitor governance, expose corruption, and mobilize public opinion against military overreach helps hold civilian leaders accountable and builds resilience against undemocratic forces.

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(9)
(i) Promotion of ethnic and regional divisions: The British adopted the policy of divide and rule, administering different regions separately and favoring certain ethnic groups over others. This deepened ethnic rivalry and mistrust, which later contributed to political instability and conflicts after independence.

(ii) Centralization of power and lack of democratic participation: Political authority was concentrated in the hands of colonial governors and district officers. Nigerians had little or no role in decision-making, preventing the development of democratic political culture and leadership experience.

(iii) Use of indirect rule that weakened national unity: Instead of promoting a unified Nigeria, the British ruled through traditional rulers who owed loyalty to the colonial government rather than to the people. This slowed the emergence of national consciousness and delayed the growth of modern political institutions.

(iv) Limited political education and exclusion of Nigerians from key positions: Nigerians were deliberately denied adequate political training and were excluded from important administrative roles. This lack of exposure meant that at independence, there were few experienced politicians and administrators to manage the new state effectively.

(v) Unequal development and economic exploitation: The British focused development projects mainly on areas that benefited colonial economic interests, such as ports and cash crop zones. Neglect of other regions increased regional inequality and political competition, weakening national cohesion and setting the stage for future political crises.

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(10)
(i)Economic Interdependence: Globalization increases Nigeria's economic ties with other nations, making foreign policy decisions sensitive to international market dynamics, trade agreements, and foreign investment flows.

(ii)Security Challenges: Transnational threats like terrorism, piracy, and cybercrime, which are facilitated by globalization, necessitate international cooperation and shape Nigeria's security-focused foreign policy strategies.

(iii)Technological Advancements: Rapid global communication and information sharing influence public opinion and diplomatic negotiations, requiring Nigeria to adapt its foreign policy to leverage technology for national interests.

(iv)Environmental Concerns: Global issues such as climate change and resource management become part of the foreign policy agenda, as Nigeria participates in international agreements and seeks to address shared environmental challenges.

(v)Promotion of Democratic Values: Globalization fosters the spread of universal values like human rights and democracy, which can influence Nigeria's diplomatic relations and its engagement with international bodies regarding governance standards.