2026 NECO LIVESTOCK FARMING PRACTICAL ANSWER


(1a)
A: Hen
B: Rabbit

(1b)
A:
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Comb
(ii) Beak
(iii) Wattles
(iv) Wings
(v) Tail
(vi) Nostrils

B:
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Ears
(ii) Eyes
(iii) Nose
(iv) Whiskers
(v) Tail

(1c)
A: Deep litter house
B: Hutch

(1d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Vaccinate the birds regularly.
(ii) Deworm the birds periodically.
(iii) Maintain proper sanitation by cleaning and disinfecting the poultry house.
(iv) Isolate and treat sick birds promptly.
(v) Control parasites such as lice, mites and ticks.

(1e)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Restlessness.
(ii) Swollen and reddish or purple vulva.
(iii) Frequent urination.
(iv) Mounting or allowing mounting of other rabbits
(v) Reduced appetite.
(vi) Raising the hindquarters (lordosis) when touched.
(vii) Increased activity and nervousness.
(viii) Rubbing the chin on objects more often.

(1f)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Both ingest food through the mouth.
(ii) Both carry out mechanical digestion before chemical digestion.
(iii) Both use digestive enzymes to break down food.
(iv) Both digest food in the stomach.
(v) Both absorb digested nutrients in the small intestine.
(vi) Both absorb water in the large intestine.
(vii) Both eliminate undigested food through the anus.


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(2a)
C: Maize Offal
D: Bone Meal
E: Elephant Grass.

(2b)
C: Carbohydrate
D: Mineral

(2c)
C:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Supplies energy for body activities.
(ii) Provides energy for growth and production.
(iii) Helps maintain body temperature.
(iv) Can be converted to fat and stored as energy reserve.

D:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Promotes the formation and strengthening of bones and teeth.
(ii) Aids blood clotting.
(iii) Supports muscle contraction.
(iv) Helps in proper nerve functioning.
(v) Essential for eggshell formation in laying birds.
(v) Helps maintain healthy body tissues.

(2d)
C:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Milling or grinding the maize grains.
(ii) Sieving to separate the maize offal.
(iii) Drying the maize offal.
(iv) Packaging and storing the maize offal.

D:
(PICK ANY TWO
(i) Collecting and cleaning the bones.
(ii) Boiling or steaming the bones.
(iii) Drying the bones thoroughly.
(iv) Crushing or grinding the dried bones into powder.

(2e)
C: Ketosis
D: Rickets

(2f)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Long, narrow leaves.
(ii) Tall, erect stem.
(iii) Thick, fibrous stem.
(iv) Grows in clumps.
(v) Stem has distinct nodes and internodes.

(2g)
Vegetative propagation using stem cuttings.

(2h)
Pennisetum purpureum

============================

(3a)
F: Goat
G: Tick
H: Hides

(3b)
(i) Red Sokoto (Maradi) goat
(ii) Sahel goat

(3c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Good body size and conformation.
(ii) Fast growth rate.
(iii) High fertility.
(iv) Good health and disease resistance.
(v) Well-developed udder or testes.
(vi) Freedom from physical defects or deformities.

(3d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Causes loss of blood, leading to anaemia.
(ii) Transmits diseases to goats.
(iii) Causes skin irritation and wounds.
(iv) Reduces growth rate and productivity.
(v) Damages the skin, reducing leather quality.

(3e)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Spray the animals with recommended acaricides.
(ii) Dip the animals in an acaricide solution.
(iii) Hand-pick and destroy the ticks.
(iv) Clear bushes and tall grasses around the farm to reduce tick breeding.
(v) Maintain good sanitation around the animal house.

(3f)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Dermatophilosis.
(ii) Lumpy skin disease.
(iii) Ringworm

(3g)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Clean and disinfect the affected area.
(ii) Apply appropriate antiseptic or medicated ointment.
(iii) Administer the recommended veterinary drugs as prescribed.
(iv) Isolate affected animals to prevent the spread of infection.

(3h)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Reduces the quality of the hide.
(ii) Lowers the market value of the hide.
(iii) Produces holes and scars on the leather.
(iv) Makes the hide unsuitable for high-quality leather production.
(v) Leads to rejection of the hide during grading.

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2026 NECO COMPUTER & GSM REPAIRS ANSWER


COMPUTER & GSM
1-10: CAEEDBADED
11-20: AEDEBAAAED
21-30: CCEEDAAEEB
31-40: CCEBCCADCA
41-50: ADDCCEAABA


(1ai)
A medium in telecommunication is the channel, path, or means through which information, voice, data, or signals are transmitted from the sender to the receiver.

(1aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Twisted pair cable.
(ii) Coaxial cable.
(iii) Fibre optic cable.
(iv) Radio waves.
(v) Microwave.
(vi) Satellite communication.

(1b)
(i) NCC (Nigerian Communications Commission): Regulates and supervises the telecommunications industry in Nigeria.
(ii) NITEL (Nigerian Telecommunications Limited): Provides telecommunication services such as telephone and data communication.
(iii) NBC (National Broadcasting Commission): Regulates and licenses radio and television broadcasting stations in Nigeria.
(iv) NITDA (National Information Technology Development Agency): Promotes and regulates the development and use of Information Technology (IT) in Nigeria.
(v) NIPOST (Nigerian Postal Service): Provides postal and mail delivery services across Nigeria.

(1c)
A BTS is a radio communication equipment in a GSM network that transmits and receives voice and data signals between mobile phones and the Base Station Controller (BSC). It contains antennas and radio transmitters/receivers and provides network coverage within a specific geographical area called a cell.

(1d)
(i) Weather Satellite: Used for weather forecasting, monitoring cloud movements, rainfall, storms, and other atmospheric conditions.
(ii) Communication Satellite: Used for transmitting television, radio, telephone, internet, and other communication signals over long distances.
(iii) Navigation Satellite: Used for determining accurate location, navigation, mapping, and positioning through systems such as GPS.

=============================

(2ai)
Current: Current is the rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor. It is measured in amperes (A).

WHILE

Voltage: Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. It is measured in volts (V).

WHILE

Resistance: Resistance is the opposition offered by a material or conductor to the flow of electric current. It is measured in ohms (Ω).

(2aii)
Yellow = 4
Violet = 7
Orange = ×1,000
Gold = ±5% tolerance
Resistance = 47 × 1,000 = 47,000 Ω = 47 kΩ ±5%

(2bi)
(i) Resistor
(ii) Capacitor
(iii) Diode
(iv) NPN Transistor

(2bii)
(i) Resistor: It is used to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit.
(ii) Capacitor: It is used to store electrical charge or for filtering in electronic circuits.
(iii) Diode: It is used to allow current to flow in one direction only (rectification).
(iv) Transistor: It is used as an amplifier or an electronic switch in circuits.

(2ci)
An amplifier is an electronic device or circuit that increases the strength (amplitude) of a weak electrical signal without changing its original form

(2cii)
(i) Public Address (PA) systems.
(ii) Radio and television receivers.

============================

(3a)
A computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it according to a set of instructions, stores it, and produces meaningful information as output.

(3bi)
Software is a collection of programs, instructions, and related data that directs a computer on how to perform specific tasks.

(3bii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Operating system software.
(ii) Utility software.
(iii) Application software.
(iv) Programming software.
(v) Language translators (Compiler, Interpreter, Assembler).
(vi) Device driver software.

(3c)
(i) Monitor.
(ii) System unit.
(iii) Keyboard.
(iv) Mouse.
(v) Printer.
(vi) Scanner.
(vii) Speakers.
(viii) Microphone.
(ix) Hard disk drive (HDD)
(x) Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).

(3d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) E-mail communication.
(ii) Web browsing and information retrieval.
(iii) Online education (e-learning).
(iv) Electronic commerce (e-commerce).
(v) Social networking and instant messaging.
(vi) Video conferencing and online meetings.

=============================

(5ai)
A user interface (UI) is the means through which a user interacts and communicates with a computer, mobile phone, or any electronic device to perform tasks.

(5aii)
(i) Graphical User Interface (GUI).
(ii) Command Line Interface (CLI).
(iii) Menu-Driven Interface.

(5bi)
Mobile phone accessories are additional devices or equipment used with a mobile phone to improve its functionality, protection, convenience, or performance.

(5bii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Charger: Used to recharge the phone battery.
(ii) Earphones/Headset: Used for listening to audio and making hands-free calls.
(iii) Power Bank: Used to charge the phone when there is no electricity.
(iv) Phone Case/Cover: Protects the phone from scratches and damage.
(v) Memory Card (MicroSD): Used to increase the phone's storage capacity.
(vi) USB Data Cable: Used for charging the phone and transferring data between devices.

(5c)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Wi-Fi.
(ii) Bluetooth.
(iii) Display.
(iv) Sound.
(v) Security.
(vi) Date and Time.

(5d)
=Mobile Phone Hardware=
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Screen (Display).
(ii) Battery.
(iii) Camera.
(iv) Speaker.
(v) Microphone.
(vi) SIM card slot.

=Mobile Phone Software=
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Android Operating System.
(ii) WhatsApp.
(iii) Google Chrome.
(iv) Gmail.
(v) Facebook.
(vi) YouTube.


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(6ai)
A multimeter is an electrical measuring instrument used to measure voltage, current, resistance, and to test the continuity of electrical circuits.

(6aii)
(i) Select the correct function (voltage, current, or resistance).
(ii) Set the appropriate measurement range.
(iii) Insert the test leads into the correct terminals and ensure the meter is properly zeroed (for analogue multimeters).

(6b)



(6c)
(i) Pouch: Protects the mobile phone from scratches, dust, and minor impacts.
(ii) Screen Guard: Protects the phone screen from scratches, cracks, and fingerprints.
(iii) Gloves: Protect the hands from injury, heat, chemicals, and electric shock during repair work.
(iv) Goggle: Protects the eyes from dust, flying particles, and harmful substances.
(v) Helmet: Protects the head from injury caused by falling objects or accidental impact.

(6d)
(i) Dirty Battery Contact: Causes poor electrical contact, leading to charging problems or the phone failing to power on.
(ii) Charger Not Well Plugged: Results in slow charging, intermittent charging, or no charging at all.
(iii) SIM Card Incorrectly Inserted: The phone may fail to detect the SIM card, preventing calls, SMS, and network access.
(iv) One of the Keys on the Keypad Stuck: The affected key may not function properly or may continuously send unwanted inputs.
(v) Using a Dead Battery: The mobile phone will not power on or operate until the battery is charged or replaced.

============================

(7ai)
Dealership is a business arrangement in which an individual or company is authorized by a manufacturer or service provider to sell, distribute, or promote its products and services.

(7aii)
(i) Sales and distribution of GSM phones and accessories.
(ii) Sales and registration of SIM cards, recharge cards, and other network services.

(7b)
Network Service Provider: A company that provides telecommunication services such as voice calls, SMS, mobile data, and internet connectivity to subscribers.

WHILE

Service Centre: A facility where mobile phones and related devices are repaired, maintained, unlocked, or serviced.

(7c)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Repair workbench.
(ii) Soldering iron/station.
(iii) Digital multimeter.
(iv) Screwdriver set.
(v) Hot air rework station.
(vi) Magnifying lamp or microscope.

(7d)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Keep the workshop clean and tidy at all times.
(ii) Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
(iii) Switch off electrical equipment before carrying out repairs.
(iv) Do not touch electrical equipment with wet hands.
(v) Use the correct tools for each repair job.
(vi) Keep flammable materials away from heat sources.
(vii) Store tools and equipment properly after use.
(viii) Report faulty equipment or unsafe conditions immediately.

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2026 NECO BEAUTY & COSMETOLOGY ANSWER

BEAUTY & COSMETOLOGY
1-10: AABECCCDDA
11-20: BBBACBAACC
21-30: DDEBCBCBAC
31-40: ECECADDDAD
41-50: BCDBDCDBCA
51-60: EBDECBEECB



(1a)
(i)It helps in selecting the right products for different skin and hair types.
(ii)It prevents skin irritation and hair damage by maintaining the correct acid-alkaline balance.

(1aii)
Red is a primary colour and cannot be obtained by mixing other colours.

(1b)
(i)Register the business with the appropriate authority.
(ii)Obtain necessary licences/permits.
(iii)Provide adequate water supply and electricity.
(iv)Ensure good sanitation and proper ventilation.

(1bii)
Salon tools: Small hand-held items used to perform beauty services (e.g., combs, scissors).
Salon equipment: Larger machines or appliances used in salon operations (e.g., dryer, steamer).

(1c)
(i)Wear protective gloves and other PPE.
(ii)Read and follow the manufacturer's instructions.
(iii)Store chemicals properly away from heat and children.

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(2a)
(i) Heredity
(ii) Nutrition

(2aii)
Scalp hygiene is the practice of keeping the scalp clean and healthy to prevent infections and scalp disorders.

(2b)
(i)Wash the hair regularly with anti-dandruff shampoo.
(ii) Massage the scalp gently.
(iii) Keep the scalp clean and dry.
(iv) Apply prescribed medicated scalp treatment if necessary.

(2ci)
Clarifying (deep-cleansing) shampoo.

(2cii)
It removes excess oil and dirt from the scalp.

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(3ai)
(i)It helps prevent injury during treatments.
(ii)It improves understanding of the skin, hair and nails.
(iii)It enables proper and safe beauty procedures.

(3aii)
(i)Onychomycosis
(ii)Paronychia

(3b)
(i)Target audience: Advertise to the people who need the services.
(ii)Advertising medium: Use suitable platforms such as social media, radio or flyers.
(iii)Cost/Budget: Choose advertising methods that are affordable and effective.

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(4ai)
Beauty in cosmetology is the art and science of enhancing and maintaining a person's physical appearance through the professional care of the hair, skin, nails, and body. It aims to improve a person's attractiveness, confidence, and overall well-being.

(4aii)
(i) Wash the metallic comb thoroughly with warm water and detergent to remove dirt, grease, hair, and other residues.
(ii) Rinse the comb with clean water and dry it completely using a clean towel or allow it to air-dry.
(iii) Place the clean, dry comb in a sterilization pouch or autoclave tray and arrange it properly without overcrowding.
(iv) Set the autoclave to 121°C at 15 psi pressure and sterilize the comb for 15–20 minutes.
(v) After sterilization, allow the autoclave to cool and the pressure to return to normal before opening it.
(vi) Remove the sterilized comb with sterile forceps or clean gloves and store it in a clean, dry, covered sterilized container until it is ready for use.


(4bi)
A suitable remedy for eye bags is the application of a cold compress or chilled cucumber slices over the eyes to reduce puffiness and swelling.

(4bii)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i)Exfoliants remove dead skin cells from the surface of the skin. While Toners remove leftover dirt and cleanser after washing the face.
(ii)Exfoliants unclog pores and promote new skin cell growth. While Toners tighten pores and restore the skin's natural pH balance.
(iii)Exfoliants are used occasionally (1–3 times a week).While Toners are gentle enough to be used daily after cleansing.
(iv)Exfoliants improve skin texture by making it smoother. While Toners refresh and hydrate the skin.
(v)Exfoliants promote the growth of new skin cells.While Toners restore the skin's natural pH balance.
(vi)Exfoliants prepare the skin by removing the outer layer of dead cells. While Toners prepare the skin for better absorption of moisturizers and serums.


(4biii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Maintain a high standard of personal hygiene and cleanliness.
(ii) Dress neatly and maintain a professional appearance at all times.
(iii) Treat every client with respect, courtesy, and politeness.
(iv) Keep all client information confidential.
(v) Be honest and truthful in all professional dealings.
(vi) Use clean, sterilized, and disinfected tools and equipment for every client.
(vii) Be punctual and attend to clients promptly and responsibly.
(viii) Follow all health, safety, and professional standards while providing beauty services.

=============================

(5ai)
Eye shadow is a cosmetic product applied to the eyelids and around the eyes to enhance, define, and beautify the eyes. It adds colour, creates depth and dimension, highlights the eye area, and makes the eyes appear more attractive and expressive.

(5aii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Nail clipper
(ii) Nail file (emery board)
(iii) Cuticle pusher

(5aiii)
(i) Carry out a patch test, drape the client, and section the hair into manageable parts.
(ii) Prepare or mix the hair tint according to the manufacturer's instructions.
(iii) Apply the hair tint evenly to the hair with a tint brush and allow it to process for the recommended time.
(iv) Rinse the hair thoroughly, apply conditioner if necessary, then dry and style the hair.

(5bi)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Manicure is carried out on the hands and fingernails, while pedicure is carried out on the feet and toenails.
(ii) During manicure, the hands are soaked in warm soapy water, while during pedicure, the feet are soaked in a foot bath or warm soapy water.
(iii) Manicure involves trimming, shaping, and caring for the fingernails, while pedicure involves trimming, shaping, and caring for the toenails and removing hard skin from the feet.
(iv) Manicure includes hand massage, while pedicure includes foot and lower leg massage.
(v) Manicure ends with polishing the fingernails, while pedicure ends with polishing the toenails

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(6a)
(i)Registers cosmetic products.
(ii)Inspects manufacturing facilities.
(iii)Tests cosmetics for safety and quality.
(iv)Bans or withdraws harmful cosmetic products from the market.

(6b)
(i)Sterilize tools after each use.
(ii)Use disposable items where necessary.
(iii)Wear gloves when handling blood or body fluids.
(iv)Dispose of sharp objects safely.

(6c)
(i)Both are artificial hair used to enhance appearance.
(ii)Both are used to add length, volume or cover hair loss.

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2026 NECO FASHION & GARMENT ANSWER

(1)


============================

(2a)
Seam allowance is the extra width of fabric added beyond the stitching line (cutting line) of a pattern piece, which is needed to join two or more pieces of fabric together with a seam. It provides enough fabric for the seam to be sewn, pressed open or to one side, and for any necessary adjustments (letting out) to be made to the garment. Seam allowance typically ranges from 1.5cm to 2.5cm depending on the type of fabric, seam, and garment.

(2b)
(i) Woven interfacing
(ii) Non-woven interfacing
(iii) Fusible (iron-on) interfacing
(iv) Sew-in interfacing

(2c)
(i) The type and weight of the fabric being used.
(ii) The position/location on the garment where the fastener will be used.
(iii) The purpose and durability required of the fastener.
(iv) The colour and design of the fastener in relation to the garment.

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(3a)
Pattern draping is a method of creating a garment pattern by placing and pinning fabric (usually muslin or calico) directly onto a dress form or mannequin, shaping and manipulating it to fit the contours of the body, and then tracing or cutting the shaped fabric to produce a flat pattern. It is a three-dimensional approach to pattern making, as opposed to flat pattern drafting done on paper.

(3b)
(i) It saves time as patterns can be created, modified, and graded quickly compared to manual methods.
(ii) It ensures greater accuracy and precision in pattern measurements and shapes.
(iii) It allows for easy storage, retrieval, and reproduction of patterns without loss of quality.
(iv) It reduces wastage of fabric and materials through accurate pattern layout and marker-making before cutting.

(3ci)
The crotch measurement is taken by having the person sit upright on a firm, flat surface (such as a stool or chair), and then measuring the vertical distance from the waistline down to the surface of the seat. This measurement determines the depth needed for trousers, shorts, or any garment with a crotch/seat area.

(3cii)
The long sleeve length measurement is taken by placing the tape measure at the shoulder point (tip of the shoulder bone) and measuring down along the outer side of the slightly bent arm, passing over the elbow, to the wrist bone, with the arm bent to allow ease of movement in the finished sleeve.

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(4)


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(5a)
(i) Bodice block (front and back)
(ii) Skirt block

(5b)
(i) Bust measurement
(ii) Waist measurement
(iii) Hip measurement
(iv) Length (from shoulder/nape to desired hemline)

(5ci)
(i) Peter Pan collar
(ii) Sailor collar

(5cii)
(i) Mandarin collar
(ii) Chinese/Nehru collar

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(6)